Surgical instrument displaying subsequent step of use

ABSTRACT

A surgical instrument including a shaft, an end effector extending distally from the shaft, a display, and a system or sensor configured to monitor a status of the surgical instrument. The display is configured to display information pertaining to the detected status of the surgical instrument. In one embodiment, the display displays a subsequent step of operating the surgical instrument. In another embodiment, the display displays a subsequent step of assembling the surgical instrument. The display is additionally configured to enter a low-power mode.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to surgical instruments and, in variouscircumstances, to surgical stapling and cutting instruments and staplecartridges therefor that are designed to staple and cut tissue.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The features and advantages of this invention, and the manner ofattaining them, will become more apparent and the invention itself willbe better understood by reference to the following description ofinstances of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument comprising ahandle assembly and a shaft assembly including an end effector;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the handle assembly of the surgicalinstrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a control system of the surgicalinstrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a module for use with thesurgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a module for use with thesurgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a module for use with thesurgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an interface of the surgicalinstrument of FIG. 1 in an inactive or neutral configuration;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the interface of FIG. 7 activatedto articulate an end effector;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the interface of FIG. 7 activatedto return the end effector to an articulation home state position;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a partial view of a handleassembly of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 depicting a display;

FIG. 11 depicts a module of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12A is a schematic illustration of a screen orientation of thedisplay of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12B is a schematic illustration of a screen orientation of thedisplay of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12C is a schematic illustration of a screen orientation of thedisplay of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12D is a schematic illustration of a screen orientation of thedisplay of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 depicts a module of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14A is a side view of the handle assembly of FIG. 10 in an uprightposition;

FIG. 14B is a side view of the handle assembly of FIG. 10 in an upsidedown position;

FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of the display of FIG. 10 showing aplurality of icons;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of the display of FIG. 10 showing anavigational menu;

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of an indicator system of thesurgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 18 is a module of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1coupled to a remote operating unit;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1coupled to a remote operating unit;

FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of the surgical instrument of FIG.1 in wireless communication with a remote operating unit;

FIG. 22 is a schematic illustration of a first surgical instrumentincluding a remote operating unit for controlling a second surgicalinstrument;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a modular surgical instrument accordingto various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 24 is an exploded, perspective view of the modular surgicalinstrument of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a schematic depicting the control systems of a modularsurgical system according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 26 is a flowchart depicting a method for updating a component of amodular surgical system according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 27 is a flowchart depicting a method for updating a component of amodular surgical system according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIGS. 28(A) and 28(B) are schematics depicting a control circuitaccording to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 29(A) and 29(B) are schematics depicting a control circuitaccording to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 30 is a flow chart depicting a method for processing data recordedby a surgical instrument according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 31 is a flow chart depicting a method for processing data recordedby a surgical instrument according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIGS. 32(A)-32(C) are flow charts depicting various methods forprocessing data recorded by a surgical instrument according to variousembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 33 is a schematic depicting a surgical system having wirelesscommunication capabilities according to various embodiments of thepresent disclosure;

FIG. 34 is an elevation view of an external screen depicting an endeffector at a surgical site according to various embodiments of thepresent disclosure;

FIG. 35 is an elevation view of the external screen of FIG. 34 depictinga notification according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 36 is an elevation view of the external screen of FIG. 34 depictinga selection menu according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Applicant of the present application owns the following patentapplications that were filed on Mar. 1, 2013 and which are each hereinincorporated by reference in their respective entireties:

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,295, entitled ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CONDUCTIVE PATHWAYS FOR SIGNAL COMMUNICATION;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,323, entitled ROTARY POWEREDARTICULATION JOINTS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,338, entitled THUMBWHEEL SWITCHARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,499, entitled ELECTROMECHANICALSURGICAL DEVICE WITH SIGNAL RELAY ARRANGEMENT;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,460, entitled MULTIPLE PROCESSORMOTOR CONTROL FOR MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,358, entitled JOYSTICK SWITCHASSEMBLIES FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,481, entitled SENSORSTRAIGHTENED END EFFECTOR DURING REMOVAL THROUGH TROCAR;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,518, entitled CONTROL METHODSFOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH REMOVABLE IMPLEMENT PORTIONS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,375, entitled ROTARY POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH MULTIPLE DEGREES OF FREEDOM; and

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,536, entitled SURGICALINSTRUMENT SOFT STOP are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentireties.

Applicant of the present application also owns the following patentapplications that were filed on Mar. 14, 2013 and which are each hereinincorporated by reference in their respective entireties:

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,097, entitled ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,193, entitled CONTROLARRANGEMENTS FOR A DRIVE MEMBER OF A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,053, entitled INTERCHANGEABLESHAFT ASSEMBLIES FOR USE WITH A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, entitled ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING AN ARTICULATION LOCK;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,210, entitled SENSORARRANGEMENTS FOR ABSOLUTE POSITIONING SYSTEM FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,148, entitled MULTI-FUNCTIONMOTOR FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,066, entitled DRIVE SYSTEMLOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,117, entitled ARTICULATIONCONTROL SYSTEM FOR ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,130, entitled DRIVE TRAINCONTROL ARRANGEMENTS FOR MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS; and

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,159, entitled METHOD AND SYSTEMFOR OPERATING A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

Applicant of the present application also owns the following patentapplications that were filed on even date herewith and are each hereinincorporated by reference in their respective entireties:

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTCOMPRISING A SENSOR SYSTEM, Attorney Docket No. END7386USNP/130458;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled POWER MANAGEMENTCONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, Attorney Docket No.END7387USNP/130459;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled STERILIZATIONVERIFICATION CIRCUIT, Attorney Docket No. END7388USNP/130460;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled VERIFICATION OF NUMBEROF BATTERY EXCHANGES/PROCEDURE COUNT, Attorney Docket No.END7389USNP/130461;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled POWER MANAGEMENTTHROUGH SLEEP OPTIONS OF SEGMENTED CIRCUIT AND WAKE UP CONTROL, AttorneyDocket No. END7390USNP/130462;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled MODULAR POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH DETACHABLE SHAFT ASSEMBLIES, Attorney DocketNo. END7391 USNP/130463;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled FEEDBACK ALGORITHMSFOR MANUAL BAILOUT SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, Attorney Docket No.END7392USNP/130464;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTUTILIZING SENSOR ADAPTATION, Attorney Docket No. END7393USNP/130465;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTCONTROL CIRCUIT HAVING A SAFETY PROCESSOR, Attorney Docket No.END7394USNP/130466;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTCOMPRISING INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS, Attorney Docket No. END7395USNP/130467;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled MODULAR SURGICALINSTRUMENT SYSTEM, Attorney Docket No. END7397USNP/130469;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SYSTEMS AND METHODSFOR CONTROLLING A SEGMENTED CIRCUIT, Attorney Docket No.END7399USNP/130471;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled POWER MANAGEMENTTHROUGH SEGMENTED CIRCUIT AND VARIABLE VOLTAGE PROTECTION, AttorneyDocket No. END7400USNP/130472;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SURGICAL STAPLINGINSTRUMENT SYSTEM, Attorney Docket No. END7401USNP/130473; and

U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTCOMPRISING A ROTATABLE SHAFT, Attorney Docket No. END7402USNP/130474.

Certain exemplary embodiments will now be described to provide anoverall understanding of the principles of the structure, function,manufacture, and use of the devices and methods disclosed herein. One ormore examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that thedevices and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments. Thefeatures illustrated or described in connection with one exemplaryembodiment may be combined with the features of other embodiments. Suchmodifications and variations are intended to be included within thescope of the present invention.

Reference throughout the specification to “various embodiments,” “someembodiments,” “one embodiment,” or “an embodiment”, or the like, meansthat a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described inconnection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment.Thus, appearances of the phrases “in various embodiments,” “in someembodiments,” “in one embodiment”, or “in an embodiment”, or the like,in places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referringto the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features,structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner inone or more embodiments. Thus, the particular features, structures, orcharacteristics illustrated or described in connection with oneembodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with the featuresstructures, or characteristics of one or more other embodiments withoutlimitation. Such modifications and variations are intended to beincluded within the scope of the present invention.

The terms “proximal” and “distal” are used herein with reference to aclinician manipulating the handle portion of the surgical instrument.The term “proximal” referring to the portion closest to the clinicianand the term “distal” referring to the portion located away from theclinician. It will be further appreciated that, for convenience andclarity, spatial terms such as “vertical,” “horizontal,” “up,” and“down” may be used herein with respect to the drawings. However,surgical instruments are used in many orientations and positions, andthese terms are not intended to be limiting and/or absolute.

Various exemplary devices and methods are provided for performinglaparoscopic and minimally invasive surgical procedures. However, theperson of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that thevarious methods and devices disclosed herein can be used in numeroussurgical procedures and applications including, for example, inconnection with open surgical procedures. As the present DetailedDescription proceeds, those of ordinary skill in the art will furtherappreciate that the various instruments disclosed herein can be insertedinto a body in any way, such as through a natural orifice, through anincision or puncture hole formed in tissue, etc. The working portions orend effector portions of the instruments can be inserted directly into apatient's body or can be inserted through an access device that has aworking channel through which the end effector and elongated shaft of asurgical instrument can be advanced.

FIG. 1 generally depicts a motor-driven surgical instrument 2200. Incertain circumstances, the surgical instrument 2200 may include a handleassembly 2202, a shaft assembly 2204, and a power assembly 2206 (or“power source” or “power pack”). The shaft assembly 2204 may include anend effector 2208 which, in certain circumstances, can be configured toact as an endocutter for clamping, severing, and/or stapling tissue,although, in other circumstances, different types of end effectors maybe used, such as end effectors for other types of surgical devices,graspers, cutters, staplers, clip appliers, access devices, drug/genetherapy devices, ultrasound, RF and/or laser devices, etc. Several RFdevices may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,312, entitledELECTROSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE, which issued on Apr. 4, 1995, andU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,573, entitled SURGICAL FASTENINGAND CUTTING INSTRUMENT HAVING RF ELECTRODES, filed Feb. 14, 2008. Theentire disclosures of U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,312, entitled ELECTROSURGICALHEMOSTATIC DEVICE, which issued on Apr. 4, 1995, and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/031,573, entitled SURGICAL FASTENING AND CUTTINGINSTRUMENT HAVING RF ELECTRODES, filed Feb. 14, 2008, are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the handle assembly 2202 may comprise ahousing 2210 that includes a handle 2212 that may be configured to begrasped, manipulated, and/or actuated by a clinician. However, it willbe understood that the various unique and novel arrangements of thehousing 2210 may also be effectively employed in connection withrobotically-controlled surgical systems. Thus, the term “housing” mayalso encompass a housing or similar portion of a robotic system thathouses or otherwise operably supports at least one drive system that isconfigured to generate and apply at least one control motion which couldbe used to actuate the shaft assembly 2204 disclosed herein and itsrespective equivalents. For example, the housing 2210 disclosed hereinmay be employed with various robotic systems, instruments, components,and methods disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241,entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENTARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0298719.The disclosure of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitledSURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENTARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0298719,is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

In certain instances, the surgical instrument 2200 may include severaloperable systems that extend, at least partially, through the shaft 2204and are in operable engagement with the end effector 2208. For example,the surgical instrument 2200 may include a closure assembly that maytransition the end effector 2208 between an open configuration and aclosed configuration, an articulation assembly that may articulate theend effector 2208 relative to the shaft 2204, and/or a firing assemblythat may fasten and/or cut tissue captured by the end effector 2208. Inaddition, the housing 2210 may be separably couplable to the shaft 2204and may include complimenting closure, articulation, and/or firing drivesystems for operating the closure, articulation, and firing assemblies,respectively.

In use, an operator of the surgical instrument 2200 may desire to resetthe surgical instrument 2200 and return one or more of the assemblies ofthe surgical instrument 2200 to a default position. For example, theoperator may insert the end effector 2208 into a surgical site within apatient through an access port and may then articulate and/or close theend effector 2208 to capture tissue within the cavity. The operator maythen choose to undo some or all of the previous actions and may chooseto remove the surgical instrument 2200 from the cavity, for instance.The surgical instrument 2200 may include one more systems configured tofacilitate a reliable return of one or more of the assemblies describedabove to a home state with minimal input from the operator therebyallowing the operator to remove the surgical instrument from the cavity.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, the surgical instrument 2200 may include acontrol system 3000. A surgical operator may utilize the control system3000 to articulate the end effector 2208 relative to the shaft 2204between an articulation home state position and an articulated position,for example. In certain instances, the surgical operator may utilize thecontrol system 3000 to reset or return the articulated end effector 2208to the articulation home state position. The control system 3000 can bepositioned, at least partially, in the housing 2210. In certaininstances, as illustrated in in FIG. 3, the control system 3000 maycomprise a microcontroller 3002 (“controller”) which can be configuredto receive an input signal and, in response, activate a motor 2216 tocause the end effector 2208 to articulate in accordance with such aninput signal, for example.

Further to the above, the end effector 2208 can be positioned insufficient alignment with the shaft 2204 in the articulation home stateposition, also referred to herein as an unarticulated position such thatthe end effector 2208 and at least a portion of shaft 2204 can beinserted into or retracted from a patient's internal cavity through anaccess port such as, for example, a trocar positioned in a wall of theinternal cavity without damaging the access port. In certain instances,the end effector 2208 can be aligned, or at least substantially aligned,with a longitudinal axis “LL” passing through the shaft 2204 when theend effector 2208 is in the articulation home state position, asillustrated in FIG. 1. In at least one instance, the articulation homestate position can be at any angle up to and including 5°, for example,with the longitudinal axis “LL” on either side of the longitudinal axis“LL”. In another instance, the articulation home state position can beat any angle up to and including 3°, for example, with the longitudinalaxis “LL” on either side of the longitudinal axis “LL”. In yet anotherinstance, the articulation home state position can be at any angle up toand including 7°, for example, with the longitudinal axis “LL” on eitherside of the longitudinal axis “LL”.

The control system 3000 can be operated to articulate the end effector2208 relative to the shaft 2204 in a plane extending along thelongitudinal axis “LL” in a first direction such as, for example, aclockwise direction and/or a second direction such as, for example, acounterclockwise direction. In at least one instance, the control system3000 can be operated to articulate the end effector 2208 in theclockwise direction form the articulation home state position to anarticulated position 10 degrees to the right of the longitudinal axis“LL”, for example. In another example, the control system 3000 can beoperated to articulate the end effector 2208 in the counterclockwisedirection form the articulated position at 10 degrees to the right ofthe longitudinal axis “LL” to the articulation home state position. Inyet another example, the control system 3000 can be operated toarticulate the end effector 2208 relative to the shaft 2204 in thecounterclockwise direction from the articulation home state position toan articulated position 10 degrees to the left of the longitudinal axis“LL”, for example. The reader will appreciate that the end effector canbe articulated to different angles in the clockwise direction and/or thecounterclockwise direction.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the housing 2210 of the surgical instrument2200 may comprise an interface 3001 which may include a plurality ofcontrols that can be utilized by the operator to operate the surgicalinstrument 2200. In certain instances, the interface 3001 may comprise aplurality of switches which can be coupled to the controller 3002 viaelectrical circuits, for example. In certain instances, as illustratedin FIG. 3, the interface 3001 comprises three switches 3004A-C, whereineach of the switches 3004A-C is coupled to the controller 3002 viaelectrical circuits such as, for example electrical circuits 3006A-C,respectively. The reader will appreciate that other combinations ofswitches and circuits can be utilized with the interface 3001.

Referring to FIG. 3, the controller 3002 may generally comprise amicroprocessor 3008 (“processor”) and one or more memory units 3010operationally coupled to the processor 3008. By executing instructioncode stored in the memory 3010, the processor 3008 may control variouscomponents of the surgical instrument 2200, such as the motor 2216,various drive systems, and/or a user display, for example. Thecontroller 3002 may be implemented using integrated and/or discretehardware elements, software elements, and/or a combination of both.Examples of integrated hardware elements may include processors,microprocessors, microcontrollers, integrated circuits, applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLD),digital signal processors (DSP), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA),logic gates, registers, semiconductor devices, chips, microchips, chipsets, microcontrollers, system-on-chip (SoC), and/or system-in-package(SIP). Examples of discrete hardware elements may include circuitsand/or circuit elements such as logic gates, field effect transistors,bipolar transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and/or relays. Incertain instances, the controller 3002 may include a hybrid circuitcomprising discrete and integrated circuit elements or components on oneor more substrates, for example.

In certain instances, the microcontroller 3002 may be an LM 4F230H5QR,available from Texas Instruments, for example. In certain instances, theTexas Instruments LM4F230H5QR is an ARM Cortex-M4F Processor Corecomprising on-chip memory of 256 KB single-cycle flash memory, or othernon-volatile memory, up to 40 MHz, a prefetch buffer to improveperformance above 40 MHz, a 32 KB single-cycle serial random accessmemory (SRAM), internal read-only memory (ROM) loaded withStellarisWare® software, 2 KB electrically erasable programmableread-only memory (EEPROM), one or more pulse width modulation (PWM)modules, one or more quadrature encoder inputs (QEI) analog, one or more12-bit Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) with 12 analog input channels,among other features that are readily available. Other microcontrollersmay be readily substituted for use with the present disclosure.Accordingly, the present disclosure should not be limited in thiscontext.

In various forms, the motor 2216 may be a DC brushed driving motorhaving a maximum rotation of, approximately, 25,000 RPM, for example. Inother arrangements, the motor 2216 may include a brushless motor, acordless motor, a synchronous motor, a stepper motor, or any othersuitable electric motor. A battery 2218 (or “power source” or “powerpack”), such as a Li ion battery, for example, may be coupled to thehousing 2212 to supply power to the motor 2216, for example.

Referring again to FIG. 3, the surgical instrument 2200 may include amotor controller 3005 in operable communication with the controller3002. The motor controller 3005 can be configured to control a directionof rotation of the motor 2216. In certain instances, the motorcontroller 3005 may be configured to determine the voltage polarityapplied to the motor 2216 by the battery 2218 and, in turn, determinethe direction of rotation of the motor 2216 based on input from thecontroller 3002. For example, the motor 2216 may reverse the directionof its rotation from a clockwise direction to a counterclockwisedirection when the voltage polarity applied to the motor 2216 by thebattery 2218 is reversed by the motor controller 3005 based on inputfrom the controller 3002. In addition, the motor 2216 can be operablycoupled to an articulation drive which can be driven by the motor 2216distally or proximally depending on the direction in which the motor2216 rotates, for example. Furthermore, the articulation drive can beoperably coupled to the end effector 2208 such that, for example, theaxial translation of the articulation drive proximally may cause the endeffector 2208 to be articulated in the counterclockwise direction, forexample, and/or the axial translation of the articulation drive distallymay cause the end effector 2208 to be articulated in the clockwisedirection, for example.

In various instances, referring to FIGS. 1-3, the interface 3001 can beconfigured such that the switch 3004A can be dedicated to the clockwisearticulation of the end effector 2208, for example, and the switch 3004Bcan be dedicated to the counterclockwise articulation of the endeffector 2208, for example. In such instances, the operator mayarticulate the end effector 2208 in the clockwise direction by closingthe switch 3004A and may articulate the end effector 2208 in thecounterclockwise direction by closing the switch 3004B. In variousinstances, the switches 3004A-C can comprise open-biased dome switches,as illustrated in FIG. 7. Other types of switches can also be employedsuch as, for example, capacitive switches.

Referring to FIG. 7, the dome switches 3004A and 3004B can be controlledby a rocker 3012. Other means for controlling the switches 3004A and3004B are contemplated by the present disclosure. In the neutralposition, as illustrated in FIG. 7, both of the switches 3004A and 3004Bare biased in the open position. The operator, for example, mayarticulate the end effector 2208 in the clockwise direction by tiltingthe rocker forward thereby depressing the dome switch 3004A, asillustrated in FIG. 8. In result, the circuit 3006A (FIG. 3) may beclosed signaling the controller 3002 to activate the motor 2216 toarticulate the end effector 2208 in the clockwise direction, asdescribed above. The motor 2216 may continue to articulate the endeffector 2208 until the operator releases the rocker 3012 therebyallowing the dome switch 3004A to return to the open position and therocker 3012 to the neutral position. In some circumstances, thecontroller 3002 may be able to identify when the end effector 2208 hasreached a predetermined maximum degree of articulation and, at suchpoint, interrupt power to the motor 2216 regardless of whether the domeswitch 3004A is being depressed. In a way, the controller 3002 can beconfigured to override the operator's input and stop the motor 2216 whena maximum degree of safe articulation is reached. Alternatively, theoperator may articulate the end effector 2208 in the counterclockwisedirection by tilting the rocker 3012 back thereby depressing the domeswitch 3004B, for example. In result, the circuit 3006B may be closedsignaling the controller 3002 to activate the motor 2216 to articulatethe end effector 2208 in the counterclockwise direction, as describedabove. The motor 2216 may continue to articulate the end effector 2208until the operator releases the rocker 3012 thereby allowing the domeswitch 3004B to return to the open position and the rocker 3012 to theneutral position. In some circumstances, the controller 3002 may be ableto identify when the end effector 2208 has reached a predeterminedmaximum degree of articulation and, at such point, interrupt power tothe motor 2216 regardless of whether the dome switch 3004B is beingdepressed. In a way, the controller 3002 can be configured to overridethe operator's input and stop the motor 2216 when a maximum degree ofsafe articulation is reached.

As described above in greater detail, an operator may desire to returnthe end effector 2208 to the articulation home state position to align,or at least substantially align, the end effector 2208 with the shaft2204 in order to retract the surgical instrument 2200 from a patient'sinternal cavity, for example. In various instances, the control system3000 may include a virtual detent that may alert the operator when theend effector 2208 has reached the articulation home state position. Incertain instances, the control system 3000 may be configured to stop thearticulation of the end effector 2208 upon reaching the articulationhome state position, for example. In certain instances, the controlsystem 3000 may be configured to provide feedback to the operator whenthe end effector 2208 reaches the articulation home state position, forexample.

In certain instances, the control system 3000 may comprise variousexecutable modules such as software, programs, data, drivers, and/orapplication program interfaces (APIs), for example. FIG. 4 depicts anexemplary virtual detent module 10000 that can be stored in the memory3010, for example. The module 10000 may include program instructions,which when executed may cause the processer 3008, for example, to alertthe operator of the surgical instrument 2200 when the end effector 2208reaches the articulation home state position during the articulation ofthe end effector 2208 from an articulated position, for example.

As described above, referring primarily to FIGS. 3, 7, and 8, theoperator may use the rocker 3012 to articulate the end effector 2208,for example. In certain instances, the operator may depress the domeswitch 3004A of the rocker 3012 to articulate the end effector 2208 in afirst direction such as a clockwise direction to the right, for example,and may depress the dome switch 3004B to articulate the end effector2208 in a second direction such as a counterclockwise direction to theleft, for example. In various instances, as illustrated in FIG. 4, themodule 10000 may modulate the response of the processor 3008 to inputsignals from the dome switches 3004A and/or 3004B. For example, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to activate the motor 2216 toarticulate the end effector 2208 to the right, for example, while thedome switch 3004A is depressed; and the processor 3008 can be configuredto activate the motor 2216 to articulate the end effector 2208 to theleft, for example, while the dome switch 3004B is depressed. Inaddition, the processor 3008 may be configured to stop the articulationof the end effector 2208 by causing the motor 2216 to stop, for example,when input signals from the dome switches 3004A and/or 3004B are stoppedsuch as when the operator releases the dome switches 3004A and/or 3004B,respectively.

In various instances, as described above, the articulation home stateposition may comprise a range of positions. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 can configured to detect when the end effector 2208enters the range of positions defining the articulation home stateposition. In certain instances, the surgical instrument 2200 maycomprise one or more positioning systems (not shown) for sensing andrecording the articulation position of the end effector 2208. Theprocessor 3008 can be configured to employ the one or more positioningsystems to detect when the end effector 2208 enters the articulationhome state position.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, in certain instances, upon reaching thearticulation home state position, the processor 3008 may stop thearticulation of the end effector 2208 to alert the operator that thearticulation home state position is reached; the processor 3008, incertain instances, may stop the articulation in the articulation homestate position even if the operator continues to depress the rocker3012. In certain instances, in order to continue past the articulationhome state position, the operator may release the rocker 3012 and thentilt it again to restart the articulation. In at least one suchinstance, the operator may push the rocker 3012 to depress dome switch3004A, for example, to rotate the end effector 2208 toward its homestate position until the end effector 2208 reaches its home stateposition and the processor 3008 stops the articulation of the endeffector 2208, wherein the operator can then release the rocker 3012and, then, push the rocker 3012 to depress the dome switch 3004A onceagain in order to continue the articulation of the end effector 2208 inthe same direction.

In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the module 10000 maycomprise a feedback mechanism to alert the operator when thearticulation home state position is reached. Various feedback devices2248 (FIG. 3) can be employed by the processor 3008 to provide sensoryfeedback to the operator. In certain instances, the devices 2248 maycomprise, for example, visual feedback devices such as display screensand/or LED indicators, for example. In certain instances, the devices2248 may comprise audio feedback devices such as speakers and/orbuzzers, for example. In certain instances, the devices 2248 maycomprise tactile feedback devices such as a mechanical detent, forexample, which can provide haptic feedback, for example. In someinstances, haptic feedback can be provided by a vibrating motor, forexample, that can provide a pulse of vibrations to the handle of thesurgical instrument, for example. In certain instances, the devices 2248may comprise combinations of visual feedback devices, audio feedbackdevices, and/or tactile feedback devices, for example.

In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to stop thearticulation of the end effector 2208 and provide feedback to theoperator when the articulation home state position is reached, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 may provide feedbackto the operator but may not stop the articulation of the end effector2208 when the articulation home state position is reached. In at leastone instance, the end effector 2208 can be moved from a position on afirst side of the home state position toward the home state position,pass through the home state position, and continue moving in the samedirection on the other side of the home state position. During suchmovement, the operator may be supplied with some form of feedback at themoment the end effector 2208 passes through the home state position. Incertain instances, the processor 3008 may stop the articulation of theend effector 2208 but may not provide feedback to the operator when thearticulation home state position is reached, for example. In certaininstances, the processor 3008 may pause the end effector 2208 as itpasses through its center position and then continue past its centerposition. In at least one instance, the end effector 2208 cantemporarily dwell in its center position for about 2 seconds, forexample, and then continue its articulation so long as the articulationswitch 3012 remains depressed.

In various instances, an operator of the surgical instrument 2200 mayattempt to articulate the end effector 2208 back to its unarticulatedposition utilizing the rocker switch 3012. As the reader willappreciate, the operator may not be able to accurately and/or repeatablyalign the end effector 2208 with the longitudinal axis of the surgicalinstrument shaft. In various instances, though, the operator can readilyposition the end effector 2208 within a certain range of the centerposition. For instance, an operator may push the rocker switch 3012 torotate the end effector 2208 toward its center position and then releasethe rocker switch 3012 when the operator believes that the end effector2208 has reached its center position or is close to its center position.The processor 3008 can interpret such circumstances as an attempt torecenter the end effector 2208 and, in the event that the end effector2208 is not in its center position, the processor 3008 can automaticallycenter the end effector 2208. In at least one example, if the operatorof the surgical instrument releases the rocker switch 3012 when the endeffector 2208 is within about 10 degrees on either side of the centerposition, for example, the processor 3008 may automatically recenter theend effector 2208.

In various instances, referring primarily to FIGS. 3, 6, and 9, themodule 10000 may comprise an articulation resetting or centeringmechanism. In certain instances, the control system 3000 may include areset input which may reset or return the end effector 2208 to thearticulation home state position if the end effector 2208 is in anarticulated position. For example, upon receiving a reset input signal,the processor 3008 may determine the articulation position of the endeffector 2208 and, if the end effector 2208 is in the articulation homestate position, the processor 3008 may take no action to change thearticulation position of the end effector 2208. However, if the endeffector 2208 is in an articulated position when the processor 3008receives a reset input signal, the processor 3008 may activate the motor2216 to return the end effector 2208 to the articulation home stateposition. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the operator may depress the rocker3012 downward to close the dome switches 3004A and 3004B simultaneously,or at least within a short time period from each other, which maytransmit the reset input signal to the processor 3008 to reset or returnthe end effector 2208 to the articulation home state position. Theoperator may then release the rocker 3012 to allow the rocker 3012 toreturn to the neutral position and the switches 3004A and 3004B to theopen positions. Alternatively, the interface 3001 of the control system3000 may include a separate reset switch such as, for example, anotherdome switch which can be independently closed by the operator totransmit the articulation reset input signal to the processor 3008.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the end effector 2208 of the surgicalinstrument 2200 may include a first jaw comprising an anvil 10002 and asecond jaw comprising a channel 10004 configured to receive a staplecartridge 10006 which may include a plurality of staples. In certaininstances, the end effector 2208 can be transitioned between an openconfiguration and a closed configuration to capture tissue between theanvil 10002 and the staple cartridge 10006, for example. Furthermore,the surgical instrument 2200 may include a firing member which can bemoved axially between a firing home state position and a fired positionto deploy the staples from the staple cartridge 10006 and/or cut thetissue captured between the anvil 10002 and the staple cartridge 10006when the end effector 2208 is in the closed configuration.

As discussed above, the end effector 2208 can be transitioned between anopen configuration and a closed configuration to clamp tissue therein.In at least one embodiment, the anvil 10002 can be moved between an openposition and a closed position to compress tissue against the staplecartridge 10006. In various instances, the pressure or force that theanvil 10002 can apply to the tissue may depend on the thickness of thetissue. For a given gap distance between the anvil 10002 and the staplecartridge 10006, the anvil 10002 may apply a larger compressive pressureor force to thicker tissue than thinner tissue. The surgical instrumentcan include a sensor, such as a load cell, for example, which can detectthe pressure or force being applied to the tissue. In certain instances,the thickness and/or composition of the tissue may change while pressureor force is being applied thereto. For instance, fluid, such as blood,for example, contained within the compressed tissue may flow outwardlyinto the adjacent tissue. In such circumstances, the tissue may becomethinner and/or the compressive pressure or force applied to the tissuemay be reduced. The sensor configured to detect the pressure of forcebeing applied to the tissue may detect this change. The sensor can be insignal communication with the processor 3008 wherein the processor 3008can monitor the pressure or force being applied to the tissue and/or thechange in the pressure of force being applied to the tissue. In at leastone instance, the processor 3008 can evaluate the change in the pressureor force and communicate to the operator of the surgical instrument whenthe pressure or force has reached a steady state condition and is nolonger changing. The processor 3008 can also determine when the changein the pressure or force is at and/or below a threshold value, or rate.For instance, when the change in the pressure or force is above about 10percent per second, the processor 3008 can illuminate a cautionindicator associated with the firing actuator, for example, and when thechange in the pressure or force is at or below about 10 percent persecond, the processor can illuminate a ready-to-fire indicatorassociated with the firing actuator, for example. In some circumstances,the surgical instrument may prohibit the firing member from beingadvanced distally through the end effector 2208 until the change inpressure or force is at and/or below the threshold rate, for example.

In certain instances, the operator of the surgical instrument may electto deploy only some of the staples stored within the end effector 2208.After the firing member has been sufficiently advanced, in suchcircumstances, the firing member can be retracted. In various otherinstances, the operator of the surgical instrument may elect to deployall of the staples stored within the end effector 2208. In either event,the operator of the surgical instrument can depress a firing actuatorextending from the handle assembly 2210 to actuate the motor 2216 andadvance the firing member distally. The motor 2216 can be actuated oncethe firing actuator has been sufficiently depressed. In at least onemode of operation, further depression of the firing actuator may notaffect the operation of the motor 2216. The motor 2216 may be operatedin the manner dictated by the processor 3008 until the firing actuatoris released. In at least one other mode of operation, the degree oramount in which the firing actuator is depressed may affect the mannerin which the motor 2216 is operated. For instance, an initial depressionof the firing actuator can be detected by the processor 3008 and, inresponse thereto, the processor 3008 can operate the motor 2216 at afirst speed, wherein additional depression of the firing actuator can bedetected by the processor 3008 and, in response thereto, the processor3008 can operate the motor 2216 at a second speed, such as a fasterspeed, for example. In certain instances, the change in the depressionof the firing actuator can be proportional to the change in the motorspeed. In at least one instance, the change in the depression of thefiring actuator can be linearly proportional to the change in the motorspeed. In various circumstances, the further the firing actuator ispulled, the faster the motor 2216 is operated. In certain embodiments,the amount of pressure or force applied to the firing actuator mayaffect the manner in which the motor 2216 is operated. For instance, aninitial pressure or force applied to the firing actuator can be detectedby the processor 3008 and, in response thereto, the processor 3008 canoperate the motor 2216 at a first speed, wherein additional pressure orforce applied to the firing actuator can be detected by the processor3008 and, in response thereto, the processor 3008 can operate the motor2216 at a second speed, such as a faster speed, for example. In certaininstances, the change in the pressure or force applied to the firingactuator can be proportional to the change in the motor speed. In atleast one instance, the change in the pressure or force applied to thefiring actuator can be linearly proportional to the change in the motorspeed. The disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 7,845,537, entitled SURGICALINSTRUMENT HAVING RECORDING CAPABILITIES, which issued on Dec. 7, 2010,is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

As discussed above, the operator of the surgical instrument may elect todeploy all of the staples stored within the end effector 2208. In suchcircumstances, the operator may depress the firing actuator and thenrelease the actuator when they believe that all of the staples have beendeployed during a firing stroke of the firing member. In some instances,the surgical instrument can include an indicator which can beilluminated by the processor 3008 when the firing stroke has beencompleted. A suitable indicator can comprise a light emitting diode(LED), for example. In certain instances, the operator may believe thata firing stroke has been fully completed even though it may have onlybeen nearly completed. The surgical instrument can comprise at least onesensor configured to detect the position of the firing member within itsfiring stroke wherein the sensor can be in signal communication with theprocessor 3008. In the event that the firing stroke is ended at a nearlycompleted position, the processor 3008 can command the motor 2216 tofinish the firing stroke of the firing member. For instance, if thefiring member has completed all but the last 5 mm of the firing stroke,for example, the processor 3008 can assume that the operator meant tocomplete the firing stroke and automatically complete the firing stroke.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the interface 3001 of the surgical instrument2200 may include a home state input 3014. The operator may utilize thehome state input to transmit a home state input signal to the processor3008 to return the surgical instrument 2200 to home state which mayinclude returning the end effector 2208 to the articulation home stateposition and/or the firing member to the firing home state position. Asillustrated in FIGS. 3 and 7, the home state input 3014 may include acap or a cover, for example, which can be depressed by the operator toclose the switch 3004C and transmit the home state input signal throughthe circuit 3006C to the processor 3008. In certain instances, the homestate input 3014 can be configured to return the end effector 2208 tothe articulation home state position, and a separate input can beutilized to return the firing member to the firing home state position.In certain instances, the home state input 3014 can be configured toreturn the firing member to the firing home state position, and aseparate input can be utilized to return the end effector 2208 to thearticulation home state position such as, for example, the rocker 3012.

In various instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to cause thefiring member to return to the firing home state position and the endeffector 2208 to return to the articulation home state position uponreceiving the home state input signal from the home state input 3014. Incertain instances, the response of the processor 3008 to the home stateinput signal may depend on whether the surgical instrument 2200 is in afiring mode or an articulation mode; if the processor 3008 determinesthat the surgical instrument 2200 is in the articulation mode, theprocessor 3008 may cause the end effector 2208 to return to thearticulation home state position in response to the home state inputsignal, for example; and if the processor 3008 determines that thesurgical instrument 2200 is in the firing mode, the processor 3008 maycause the firing member to return to the firing home state position inresponse to the home state input signal, for example. In certaininstances, the firing member can be advanced axially to fire the staplesfrom the staple cartridge 10006 only when the end effector 2208 is inthe closed configuration. In such instances, the surgical instrument2200 can be in the firing mode only when the end effector 2208 is in theclosed configuration. In certain instances, the end effector 2208 can bearticulated only when the end effector 2208 is in the openconfiguration. In such instances, the surgical instrument 2200 can be inthe articulation mode only when the end effector 2208 is in the openconfiguration. Accordingly, in certain instances, the processor 3008 canbe configured to determine whether the surgical instrument 2200 is inthe articulation mode or the firing mode by determining whether the endeffector 2208 is in the open configuration or the closed configuration.In certain instances, one or more sensors 3016 (FIG. 3) can be employedby the processor 3008 to determine whether the end effector 2208 is inthe open configuration or closed configuration.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 10, the surgical instrument 2200 maycomprise a screen 2251 which may be included in the handle assembly2202, for example. The screen 2251 can be employed by one or more of themicrocontrollers described herein to alert, guide, and/or providefeedback to the operator of the surgical instrument 2200, for example.The screen 2251 can produce an output display 2250. In use, the operatormay tilt, flip, and/or rotate the handle assembly 2202, for example,and, in response, the microcontroller can change the orientation of theoutput display 2250 to improve, align, and/or adjust the orientation ofthe output display 2250 with respect to the view of the operator of thesurgical instrument 2200 and/or any suitable frame of reference, such asan inertial, or at least substantially inertial, frame of reference, forexample. A fixed frame of reference can be defined, at least in part, bygravity. In some instances, the downward acceleration of Earth's gravitycan be represented by the vector −g in FIG. 10. In certain instances, aprocessor, such as the processor 3008, for example, may be configured todetect the changes in the position of the handle assembly 2202 withrespect to the frame of reference and adopt one of a plurality oforientations of the screen 2251 in accordance with the relative positionof the screen 2251 with respect to the frame of reference.

In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the screen 2251 can bedisposed on a top surface 10008 of the handle assembly 2202. In variousinstances, the surface 10008 may extend in a first plane defined bycoordinates X1 and Y1 of a first set of Cartesian coordinatesrepresenting the handle assembly 2202. In various instances, the screen2251 may be positioned within the first plane. In some instances, thescreen 2251 may be positioned within a plane which extends parallel tothe first plane and/or any suitable plane in a fixed relationshiprelative to the first plane. For the purposes of convenience herein, itwill be assumed that the first set of Cartesian coordinates representingthe handle assembly are aligned with the screen 2251 and, thus, referredto as a screen set of Cartesian coordinates. The output display 2250 canreside in a second plane defined by coordinates X2 and Y2 of a second,or display, set of Cartesian coordinates. In certain instances, asillustrated in FIG. 10, the first plane can be coplanar with the secondplane, for example. Moreover, the first, or screen, set of Cartesiancoordinates can be aligned with the second, or display, set of Cartesiancoordinates, in at least some instances. For example, +X1 can be alignedwith or parallel to +X2, +Y1 can be aligned with or parallel to +Y2, and+Z1 can be aligned with or parallel to +Z2. Correspondingly, in suchinstances, −X1 can be aligned with or parallel to −X2, −Y1 can bealigned with or parallel to −Y2, and −Z1 can be aligned with or parallelto −Z2. As will be described in greater detail below, the second, ordisplay, set of Cartesian coordinates can be realigned with respect tothe first, or screen, set of Cartesian coordinates in certain instances.In various instances, a certain arrangement of the display Cartesiancoordinates can be preferred. For instance, a neutral position of thesurgical instrument 2200 can coincide with the +Z1 axis of the screencoordinates being aligned with the +g vector. As will be described ingreater detail below, the processor 3008 can tolerate a certain amountof deviation between the screen coordinates at the reference framewithout changing the alignment o the display coordinates; however,beyond a certain deviation between the screen coordinates at thereference frame, the processor can change the alignment of the displaycoordinates relative to the screen coordinates.

Referring to FIGS. 11-12D, a module 10010 can be configured to change oralter the orientation of the output display 2250 between a plurality oforientations in response to the changes in the position of the handleassembly 2202 which can be monitored through input from one or moreaccelerometers (not shown) that can be housed within the handle assembly2202, for example. As discussed above, and as illustrated in FIG. 12A,the output display 2250 may adopt a first orientation wherein the +X2and +Y2 vectors of the display set of Cartesian coordinates are aligned,or at least substantially aligned, with the +X1 and +Y1 vectors,respectively, of the screen set of Cartesian coordinates when thesurgical instrument is in its neutral position. In certain instances, asillustrated in FIG. 12B, the output display 2250 may adopt a secondorientation wherein the +Y2 and +X2 vectors of the display set ofCartesian coordinates are aligned, or at least substantially aligned,with the +Y1 and −X1 vectors, respectively, of the screen set ofCartesian coordinates, for example. In certain instances, as illustratedin FIG. 12C, the output display 2250 may adopt a third orientationwherein the +X2 and +Y2 vectors of the display set of Cartesiancoordinates are aligned, or at least substantially aligned, with the −X1and −Y1 vectors, respectively, of the screen set of Cartesiancoordinates, for example. In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG.12D, the output display 2250 may adopt a fourth orientation wherein the+X2 and +Y2 vectors of the second set of Cartesian coordinates arealigned, or at least substantially aligned, with the −Y1 and +X1vectors, respectively, of the screen set of Cartesian coordinates, forexample. Other orientations are possible.

Referring to FIGS. 11-12D, the processor 3008 can be configured totoggle the orientation of the output display 2250 between a plurality oforientations including the first orientation, the second orientation,the third orientation, and/or the fourth orientation, for example, toaccommodate changes in the position of the handle assembly 2202, forexample. In certain instances, the module 10010 may include a hysteresiscontrol algorithm to prevent dithering of the orientation while togglingbetween the first, second, third, and/or fourth orientations, forexample. A hysteresis control algorithm can produce a lag between aninitial detection of an event that would result in a display orientationchange and the processor command to change the display orientation. Assuch, the hysteresis control algorithm can ignore events which wouldresult in a potentially transient orientation and optimally wait toreorient the display until a steady state, or sufficiently steady state,condition has been reached. In certain instances, the processor 3008 canbe configured to orient the output display 2250 in the first orientationwhen an angle between the +Z1 vector of the Z1 axis and the −g vector ofthe gravity axis g is less than or equal to a maximum angle, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured toorient the output display 2250 in the second orientation when an anglebetween the +X1 vector of the X1 axis and the +g vector of the gravityaxis g is less than or equal to a maximum angle, for example. In certaininstances, the processor 3008 can be configured to orient the outputdisplay 2250 in the third orientation when an angle between the +Y1vector of the Y1 axis and the +g vector of the gravity g axis is lessthan or equal to a maximum angle, for example. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to orient the output display 2250 inthe fourth orientation when an angle between the +X1 vector of the X1axis and the −g vector of the gravity axis g is less than or equal to amaximum angle, for example. In certain instances, the maximum angle canbe any angle selected from a range of about 0 degrees, for example, toabout 10 degrees, for example. In certain instances, the maximum anglecan be any angle selected from a range of about 0 degrees, for example,to about 5 degrees, for example. In certain instances, the maximum anglecan be about 5 degrees, for example. The maximum angles described aboveare exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIGS. 11-12D, in certain instances, the processor 3008 canbe configured to orient the output display 2250 in the first orientationwhen the +Z1 vector of the Z1 axis and the −g vector of the gravity axisg are aligned, or at least substantially aligned with each other, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured toorient the output display 2250 in the second orientation when the +X1vector of the X1 axis and the +g vector of the gravity axis g arealigned, or at least substantially aligned with each other, for example.In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to orient theoutput display 2250 in the third orientation when the +Y1 vector of theY1 axis and the +g vector of the gravity g axis are aligned, or at leastsubstantially aligned with each other, for example. In certaininstances, the processor 3008 can be configured to orient the outputdisplay 2250 in the fourth orientation when the +X1 vector of the X1axis and the −g vector of the gravity axis g are aligned, or at leastsubstantially aligned with each other, for example.

Referring to FIGS. 11-12D, in certain instances, the processor 3008 canbe configured to rotate the output display 2250 from the firstorientation to the second orientation if the handle 2212 is rotatedclockwise about the longitudinal axis LL (FIG. 1) by an angle selectedfrom a range of about 80 degrees, for example, to about 100 degrees, forexample. If the handle 2212 is rotated clockwise about the longitudinalaxis LL by less than 80 degrees, the processor 3008 may not reorient theoutput display 2250, in this example. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to rotate the display 2250 from thefirst orientation to the fourth orientation if the handle 2212 isrotated counterclockwise about the longitudinal axis LL by an angleselected from a range of about 80 degrees, for example, to about 100degrees, for example. If the handle 2212 is rotated counterclockwiseabout the longitudinal axis LL by less than 80 degrees, the processor3008 may not reorient the output display 2250, in this example.

As described above, the operator may use the rocker 3012 to articulatethe end effector 2208, for example. In certain instances, the operatormay move their finger in a first direction to tilt the rocker 3012 todepress the dome switch 3004A to articulate the end effector 2208 in aclockwise direction to the right, for example; and the operator may movetheir finger in a second direction, opposite the first direction, todepress the dome switch 3004B to articulate the end effector 2208 in acounterclockwise direction to the left, for example.

Depending on the position and/or orientation of the rocker 3012 withrespect to the interface 3001 and/or the handle assembly 2202, incertain instances, in a first or neutral position of the handle assembly2202, the first direction can be an upward direction, for example, andthe second direction can be a downward direction, for example, asillustrated in FIGS. 1 and 14A. In such instances, the operator of thesurgical instrument 2200 may become accustomed to moving their fingerup, for example, to articulate the end effector 2208 to the right, forexample; and the operator may become accustomed to moving their fingerdown, for example, to articulate the end effector 2208 to the left, forexample. In certain instances, however, the operator may change theposition of the handle assembly 2202 to a second position such as anupside down position, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 14B. In suchinstances, if the operator does not remember to reverse the direction ofmovement of their finger, the operator may unintentionally articulatethe end effector 2208 in an opposite direction to the direction theoperator intended.

Referring to FIG. 13, the surgical instrument 2200 may comprise a module10012 which may allow the operator to maintain the directions ofmovement to which a surgeon may have become accustomed with respect tothe operation of the surgical instrument 2200. As discussed above, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to toggle between a plurality ofconfigurations in response to changes in the position and/or orientationof the handle assembly 2202, for example. In certain instances, asillustrated in FIG. 13, the processor 3008 can be configured to togglebetween a first configuration of the interface 3001 associated with afirst position and/or orientation of the handle assembly 2202, and asecond configuration of the interface 3001 associated with a secondposition and/or orientation of the handle assembly 2202.

In certain instances, in the first configuration, the processor 3008 canbe configured to command an articulation motor to articulate the endeffector 2208 to the right when the dome switch 3004A is depressed, forexample, and the processor 3008 can be configured to command anarticulation motor to articulate the end effector 2208 to the left whenthe dome switch 3004B is depressed, for example. In the secondconfiguration, the processor 3008 can command an articulation motor toarticulate the end effector 2208 to the left when the dome switch 3004Ais depressed, for example, and the processor 3008 can command anarticulation motor to articulate the end effector 2208 to the right whenthe dome switch 3004B is depressed, for example. In various embodiments,a surgical instrument can comprise one motor to articulate the endeffector 2208 in both directions while, in other embodiments, thesurgical instrument can comprise a first motor configured to articulatethe end effector 2208 in a first direction and a second motor configuredto articulate the end effector 2208 in a second direction.

Referring to FIGS. 13-14B, the processor 3008 can be configured to adoptthe first configuration while the handle assembly 2202 is in the firstposition and/or orientation, for example, and adopt the secondconfiguration while the handle assembly 2202 is in the second positionand/or orientation, for example. In certain instances, the processor3008 can be configured to detect the orientation and/or position of thehandle assembly 2202 through input from one or more accelerometers (notshown) which can be housed within the handle assembly 2202, for example.Such accelerometers, in various instances, can detect the orientation ofthe handle assembly 2202 with respect to gravity, i.e., up and/or down.

In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to adopt thefirst configuration while an angle between a vector D (FIG. 1) extendingthrough the handle assembly 2202 and the gravity vector g is any anglein the range of about 0 degrees, for example, to about 100 degrees, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured toadopt the first configuration while the angle between the vector D andthe gravity vector g is any angle in the range of about 0 degrees, forexample, to about 90 degrees, for example. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to adopt the first configuration whilethe angle between the vector D and the gravity vector g is less than orequal to about 80 degrees, for example.

In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to adopt thesecond configuration while the angle between the vector D and thegravity vector g is greater than or equal to about 80 degrees, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured toadopt the second configuration while the angle between the vector D andthe gravity vector g is greater than or equal to about 90 degrees, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured toadopt the second configuration while the angle between the vector D andthe gravity vector g is greater than or equal to about 100 degrees, forexample.

The reader will appreciate that the described orientations and/orpositions of the handle assembly 2202 and their correspondingconfigurations which are adopted by the processor 3008 are exemplary innature and are not intended to limit the scope of the presentdisclosure. The processor 3008 can be configured to adopt various otherconfigurations in connection with various other orientations and/orpositions of the handle assembly 2202.

Referring to FIG. 15, in certain instances, the surgical instrument 2200can be controlled and/or operated, or at least partially controlledand/or operated, by input from an operator received through a displaysuch as, for example, the display 2250; the display 2250 may comprise atouchscreen adapted to receive the input from the operator which can bein the form of one or more touch gestures. In various instances, thedisplay 2250 may be coupled to a processor such as, for example, theprocessor 3008 which can be configured to cause the surgical instrument2200 to perform various functions in response to the touch gesturesprovided by the operator. In certain instances, the display 2250 maycomprise a capacitive touchscreen, a resistive touchscreen, or anysuitable touchscreen, for example.

Referring again to FIG. 15, the display 2250 may comprise a plurality oficons which can be associated with a plurality of functions that can beperformed by the surgical instrument 2200. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to cause the surgical instrument 2200to perform a function when an icon representing such function isselected, touched, and/or pressed by the operator of the surgicalinstrument 2200. In certain instances, a memory such as, for example,the memory 3010 may comprise one or more modules for associating theplurality of icons with the plurality of functions.

In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG. 15, the display 2250 mayinclude a firing icon 10014, for example. The processor 3008 can beconfigured to detect a firing input signal when the operator touchesand/or presses the firing icon 10014. In response to the detection ofthe firing input signal, the processor 3008 can be configured toactivate the motor 2216 to motivate a firing member of the surgicalinstrument 2200 to fire the staples from the staple cartridge 10006and/or cut tissue captured between the anvil 10002 and the staplecartridge 10006, for example. In certain instances, as illustrated inFIG. 15, the display 2250 may include an articulation icon 10016 forarticulating the end effector 2208 in a first direction such as, forexample, a clockwise direction, for example; the display 2250 may alsoinclude an articulation icon 10018 for articulating the end effector2208 in a second direction such as, for example, a counterclockwisedirection. The reader will appreciate that the display 2250 may comprisevarious other icons associated with various other functions that theprocessor 3008 may cause the surgical instrument 2200 to perform whensuch icons are selected, touched, and/or pressed by the operator of thesurgical instrument 2200, for example.

In certain instances, one or more of the icons of the display 2250 maycomprise words, symbols, and/or images representing the function thatcan be performed by touching or pressing the icons, for example. Incertain instances, the articulation icon 10016 may show an image of theend effector 2208 articulated in the clockwise direction. In certaininstances, the articulation icon 10018 may show an image of the endeffector 2208 articulated in the counterclockwise direction. In certaininstances, the firing icon 10014 may show an image of the staples beingfired from the staple cartridge 10006.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 16, the interface 3001 of the surgicalinstrument 2200 may comprise a plurality of operational controls suchas, for example, a closure trigger 10020, a rotation knob 10022, thearticulation rocker 3012, and/or a firing input 3017 (FIG. 17). Incertain instances, various operational controls of the interface 3001 ofthe surgical instrument 2200 may serve, in addition to their operationalfunctions, as navigational controls. In certain instances, the surgicalinstrument 2200 may comprise an operational mode and a navigationalmode. In the operational mode, some or all of the controls of thesurgical instrument 2200 may be configured to perform operationalfunctions; and in the navigational mode, some or all of the controls ofthe surgical instrument 2200 may be configured to perform navigationalfunctions. In various instances, the navigational functions performed bysome or all of the controls of the surgical instrument 2200 can berelated to, associated with, and/or connected to the operationalfunctions performed by the controls. In other words, the operationalfunctions performed by the controls of the surgical instrument 2200 maydefine the navigational functions performed by such controls.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 16, in certain instances, a processor such as,for example, the processor 3008 can be configured to toggle between aprimary interface configuration while the surgical instrument 2200 is inthe operational mode and a secondary interface configuration while thesurgical instrument 2200 is in the navigational mode; the processor 3008can be configured to assign operational functions to some or all of thecontrols of the interface 3001 in the operational mode and assignnavigational functions to such controls in the navigational mode, forexample. In certain instances, the navigational functions of thecontrols in the secondary interface configuration are defined by theoperational functions of the controls in the primary interfaceconfiguration, for example.

Referring to FIGS. 16, in certain instances, the operator of thesurgical instrument 2200 may activate the navigational mode by openingor activating a navigational menu 10024 in the display 2250, forexample. In certain instances, the surgical instrument 2200 may comprisea navigational mode button or a switch (not shown) for activating thenavigational mode. In any event, the processor 3008 may switch thecontrols of the interface 3001 from the primary interface configurationto the secondary interface configuration upon receiving a navigationalmode input signal.

As illustrated in FIG. 16, the navigational menu 10024 may comprisevarious selectable categories, menus, and/or folders and/or varioussubcategories, sub-menus, and/or subfolders. In certain instances, thenavigational menu 10024 may comprise an articulation category, a firingcategory, a closure category, a battery category and/or, rotationcategory, for example.

In certain instances, the articulation rocker 3012 can be utilized toarticulate the end effector 2208, in the operational mode, as describedabove, and can be utilized to select the articulation category, and/orlaunch and/or navigate an articulation menu in the navigational mode,for example. In certain instances, the firing input 3017 (FIG. 17) canbe utilized to fire the staples, in the operational mode, as describedabove, and can be utilized to select the firing category, and/or launchand/or navigate a firing menu in the navigational mode, for example. Incertain instances, the closure trigger 10020 can be utilized totransition the end effector 2208 between an open configuration and anapproximated configuration in the operational mode, as described above,and can be utilized to select the closure category, and/or launch and/ornavigate a closure menu in the navigational mode, for example. Incertain instances, the rotation knob 10022 can be utilized to rotate theend effector 2208 relative to the elongate shaft 2204 in the operationalmode, and can be utilized to select the rotation category, and/or launchand/or navigate a rotation menu in the navigational mode, for example.

Referring primarily to FIGS. 1 and 17, the operation of the surgicalinstrument 2200 may involve a series or a sequence of steps, actions,events, and/or combinations thereof. In various circumstances, asillustrated in FIG. 17, the surgical instrument 2200 may include anindicator system 10030 which can be configured to guide, alert, and/orprovide feedback to the operator of the surgical instrument 2200 withrespect to the various steps, actions, and/or events.

In various instances, the indicator system 10030 may include a pluralityof indicators 10032. In certain instances, the indicators 10032 maycomprise, for example, visual indicators such as a display screens,backlights, and/or LEDs, for example. In certain instances, theindicators 10032 may comprise audio indicators such as speakers and/orbuzzers, for example. In certain instances, the indicators 10032 maycomprise tactile indicators such as haptic actuators, for example. Incertain instances, the indicators 10032 may comprise combinations ofvisual indicators, audio indicators, and/or tactile indicators, forexample.

Referring to FIG. 17, the indicator system 10030 may include one or moremicrocontrollers such as, for example, the microcontroller 3002 whichmay comprise one or more processors such as, for example, the processor3008 and/or one or more memory units such as, fore example, the memory3010. In various instances, the processor 3008 may be coupled to varioussensors 10035 and/or feedback systems which may be configured to providefeedback to the processor 3008 regarding the status of the surgicalinstrument 2200 and/or the progress of the steps, actions, and/or eventspertaining to the operation of the surgical instrument 2200, forexample.

In various instances, the operation of the surgical instrument 2200 mayinclude various steps including an articulation step, a closure step, afiring step, a firing reset step, a closure reset step, an articulationreset step, and/or combinations thereof, for example. In variousinstances, the articulation step may involve articulating the endeffector 2208 relative to the elongate shaft 2204 to an articulatedposition, for example; and the articulation reset step may involvereturning the end effector 2208 to an articulation home state position,for example. In various instances, the closure step may involvetransitioning the end effector 2208 to a closed configuration, forexample; and the closure reset step may involve transitioning the endeffector 2208 to an open configuration, for example. In variousinstances, the firing step may involve advancing a firing member todeploy staples from the staple cartridge 10006 and/or cut tissuecaptured by the end effector 2208, for example. In various instances,the firing reset step may involve retraction of the firing member to afiring home state position, for example.

Referring to FIG. 17, one or more of the indicators 10032 of theindicator system 10030 can be associated with one or more of the varioussteps performed in connection with the operation of the surgicalinstrument 2200. In various instances, as illustrated in FIG. 17, theindicators 10032 may include a bailout indicator 10033 associated withthe bailout assembly 2228, an articulation indicator 10034 associatedwith the articulation step, a closure indicator 10036 associated withthe closure step, a firing indicator 10038 associated with the firingstep, an articulation reset indicator 10040 associated with thearticulation reset step, a closure reset indicator 10042 associated withthe closure reset step, and/or a firing reset indicator 10044 associatedwith the firing reset step, for example. The reader will appreciate thatthe above described steps and/or indicators are exemplary in nature andare not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Variousother steps and/or indicators are contemplated by the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 1, in various instances, one or more of the controlsof the interface 3001 can be employed in one or more of the steps ofoperation of the surgical instrument 2200. In certain instances, theclosure trigger 10020 can be employed in the closure step, for example.In certain instance, the firing input 3017 (FIG. 17) can be employed inthe firing step, for example. In certain instances, the articulationrocker 3012 can be employed in the articulation step and/or thearticulation reset step, for example. In certain instances, the homestate input 3014 can be employed in the firing reset step, for example.

Referring to FIG. 17, in various instances, the indicators 10032associated with one of the steps of operation of the surgical instrument10030 may also be associated with the controls employed in such steps.For example, the articulation indicator 10034 can be associated with thearticulation rocker 3012, the closure indicator 10036 can be associatedwith the closure trigger 10020, the firing indicator 10038 can beassociated with the firing input 3017, and/or the firing reset indicator10044 can be associated with the home state input 3014. In certaininstances, associating an indicator with a control of the interface 3001may include placing or positioning the indicator on, within, partiallywithin, near, and/or in close proximity to the control, for example, toaid the operator in associating the indicator with the control. Thereader will appreciate that the above described controls and/or theindicators associated with such controls are exemplary in nature and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Various othercontrols and the indicators associated with such controls arecontemplated by the present disclosure.

In various instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to activatethe indicators 10032 in one or more sequences defined by the order ofthe steps associated with the indicators 10032. For example, theoperator may need to operate the surgical instrument 2200 in a series ofsteps starting with the articulation step followed by the closure step,and further followed by the firing step. In such example, the processor3008 can be configured to guide the operator through the sequence ofsteps by activating the corresponding articulation indicator 10034,closure indicator 10036, and firing indicator 10038 in the same order asthe order of the steps. In other words, the processor 3008 can beconfigured to first activate the articulation indicator 10034 followedby the closure indicator 10036, and further followed by the firingindicator 10038, for example. In certain instances, the surgicalinstrument 2200 may comprise a bypass switch (not shown) which may beconfigured to allow the operator to bypass a step that is recommendedbut not required, for example. In such instances, pressing the bypassswitch may signal the processor 3008 to activate the next indicator inthe sequence.

In various instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to toggle theindicators 10032 between a plurality of indicator configurations toguide, alert, and/or provide feedback to the operator of the surgicalinstrument 2200. In various instances, the processor 3008 may providevisual cues to the operator of the surgical instrument 2200 by thetoggling of the indicators 10032 between the plurality of indicatorconfigurations which may include activated and/or deactivatedconfigurations, for example. In certain instances, one or more of theindicators 10032 may comprise a light source which can be activated in afirst indicator configuration, for example, to alert the operator toperform a step associated with the indicators 10032, for example; andthe light source can be deactivated in a second indicator configuration,for example, to alert the operator when the step is completed, forexample.

In certain instances, the light source can be a blinking light which canbe transitioned by the processor 3008 between a blinking configurationand a non-blinking configuration. In certain instances, the blinkinglight, in the non-blinking configuration, may be transitioned to solidillumination or turned off, for example. In certain instances, theblinking light, in the blinking configuration, may represent a waitingperiod while a step is in progress, for example. In certain instances,the blinking frequency of the blinking light may be changed to providevarious visual cues. For example, the blinking frequency of the blinkinglight that represents a waiting period may be increased or decreased asthe waiting period approaches its completion. The reader will appreciatethat the waiting period can be a forced waiting period and/or arecommended waiting period, for example. In certain instances, forcedwaiting periods can be represented by a blinking configuration differentfrom recommended waiting periods. In certain instances, the blinkinglight may comprise a first color representing a forced waiting periodand a second color representing a recommended waiting period, whereinthe first color is different from the second color. In certaininstances, the first color can be a red color, for example, and thesecond color can be a yellow color, for example.

In various instances, one or more of the indicators 10032 can be toggledby the processor 3008 between a first indicator configurationrepresenting controls that are available for use in a standard next stepof the steps of operation of the surgical instrument 2200, a secondindicator configuration representing controls that are available for usein a non-standard next step of the steps of operation of the surgicalinstrument 2200, and/or a third indicator configuration representingcontrols that are not available for use in a next step of the steps ofoperation of the surgical instrument 2200, for example. For instance,when the end effector 2208 of the surgical instrument 2000 is in an openconfiguration, the articulation indicator 10034 and the closureindicator 10036 can be illuminated indicating to the operator of thesurgical instrument 2200 that those two functions, i.e., end effectorarticulation and end effector closure, are available to the operator atthat moment. In such a state, the firing indicator 10038 may not beilluminated indicating to the operator that the firing function is notavailable to the operator at that moment. Once the end effector 2208 hasbeen placed in a closed and/or clamped configuration, the articulationindicator 10034 may be deilluminated indicating to the operator that thearticulation function is no longer available at that moment. In such astate, the illumination of the closure indicator 10036 may be reducedindicating to the operator that the closing function can be reversed atthat moment. Moreover, in such a state, the firing indicator 10038 canbecome illuminated indicating to the operator that the firing functionis available to the operator at that moment. Once the firing member hasbeen at least partially advanced, the closure indicator 10036 may bedeilluminated indicating that the closing function cannot be reversed atthat moment. When the firing member is retracted back to its unfiredposition, the illumination of the firing indicator 10038 may be reducedindicating to the operator that the firing member can be readvanced, ifneeded. Alternatively, once the firing member has been retracted, thefiring indicator 10038 may be deilluminated indicating to the operatorthat the firing member cannot be readvanced at that moment. In eitherevent, the closure indicator 10036 can be reilluminated after the firingmember has been retracted back to its unfired position indicating to theoperator that the closing function can be reversed at that moment. Thearticulation indicator 10034 may remain deilluminated indicating thatthe articulation function is not available at that moment. Once the endeffector 2208 has been opened, the firing indicator 10038 can bedeilluminated, if it hadn't been deilluminated already, indicating tothe operator that the firing function is not available at that moment,the closing indicator 10036 can remain illuminated or its illuminationcan be reduced indicating to the operator that the closing function isstill available at that moment, and the articulation indicator 10034 canbe reilluminated indicating to the operator that the articulationfunction is available at that moment. The example provided above isexemplary and other embodiments are possible.

In certain instances, the one or more of the indicators 10032 mayinclude a light source that can be toggled by the processor 3008 betweena first color in the first indicator configuration, a second color inthe second indicator configuration, and/or a third color in the thirdindicator configuration, for example. In certain instances, theindicators 10032 can be toggled by the processor 3008 between the firstindicator configuration, the second indicator configuration, and/or thethird indicator configuration by changing the light intensity of thelight source or scanning through the color spectrum, for example. Incertain instances, the first indicator configuration may comprise afirst light intensity, for example, the second indicator configurationmay comprise a second light intensity, for example, and/or the thirdindicator configuration may comprise a third indicator configuration,for example.

In various instances, in the firing step of operation of the surgicalinstrument 2200, the firing member can be motivated to deploy theplurality of staples from the staple cartridge 10006 into tissuecaptured between the anvil 10002 and the staple cartridge 10006, andadvance a cutting member (not shown) to cut the captured tissue. Thereader will appreciate that advancing the cutting member to cut thecaptured tissue in the absence of a staple cartridge or in the presenceof a spent staple cartridge may be undesirable. Accordingly, in variousinstances, the surgical instrument 2200 may comprise a lockout mechanism(not shown) which can be activated to prevent advancement of the cuttingmember in the absence of a staple cartridge or in the presence of aspent staple cartridge, for example.

Referring to FIG. 18, a module 10046 can be employed by an indicatorsystem such as, for example, the indicator system 10030 (FIG. 17). Invarious instances, the module 10046 may comprise program instructionsstored in one or more memory units such as, for example, the memory3010, which when executed may cause the processor 3008 to employ theindicators 10032 to alert, guide, and/or provide feedback to theoperator of the surgical instrument 2200 during the firing step ofoperation of the surgical instrument 2200, for example. In certaininstances, one or more of the indicators 10032 such as the firingindicator 10038 and/or the firing reset indicator 10044, for example,can be toggled by the processor 3008 between the first indicatorconfiguration, the second indicator configuration, and/or the thirdindicator configuration to alert, guide, and/or provide feedback to theoperator of the surgical instrument 2200 during the firing step ofoperation of the surgical instrument 2200, for example.

Referring to FIGS. 17 and 18, the operator of the surgical instrument2200 may actuate the firing input 3017 to cause the processor 3008 toactivate the motor 2216, for example, to motivate the firing member todeploy the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge 10006 into thecaptured tissue and advance the cutting member to cut the capturedtissue. In certain instances, the firing indicator 10038 can be set tothe first indicator configuration to alert the operator that the firinginput 3017 is available for use and/or is one of the standard controloptions available for completion of the firing step.

In certain instances, as illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 18, if theprocessor 3008 detects that the lockout mechanism is active, theprocessor 3008 may stop the advancement of the cutting member bystopping and/or deactivating the motor 2216, for example. In addition,the processor 3008 can be configured to transition the firing indicator10038 from the first indicator configuration to the third indicatorconfiguration to caution the operator that the firing input 3017 is notavailable for use. In certain instances, the processor 3008 may also beconfigured to illuminate the display 2250 and display an image of amissing staple cartridge, for example. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 may also set the firing reset indicator 10044 to thefirst indicator configuration, for example, to inform the operator thathome state input 3014 is available for use to motivate the firing memberto retract the cutting member to the firing home state position, forexample. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured todetect the installation of a new staple cartridge, through the sensors10035 for example, and in response, return the firing indicator 10038 tothe first indicator configuration, for example.

In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG. 18, if the operatorreleases the firing input 3017 before completion of the firing step, theprocessor 3008 can be configured to stop the motor 2216. In certaininstances, the processor 3008 may also maintain the firing indicator10038 in the first indicator configuration, for example, to alert theoperator that the firing input 3017 is available for use as the standardcontrol option available for completion of the firing step of operationof the surgical instrument 2200, for example. In certain instances, theprocessor 3008 may also set the firing reset indicator 10044 to thesecond indicator configuration, for example, to inform the operator thathome state input 3014 is available for use as a non-standard controloption available for use to retract the cutting member to the firinghome state position, for example, if the operator decides to abort thefiring step of operation of the surgical instrument 2200, for example.

Further to the above, as illustrated in FIG. 18, if the firing input3017 is re-actuated by the operator, the processor 3008 may, inresponse, reactivate the motor 2216 to continue advancing the cuttingmember until the cutting member is fully advanced. In certain instances,the processor 3008 may employ the sensors 10035 to detect when thecutting member is fully advanced; the processor 3008 may then reversethe direction of rotation of the motor 2216, for example, to motivatethe firing member to retract the cutting member to the firing home stateposition, for example. In certain instances, the processor 3008 can beconfigured to stop the motor 2216, for example, and/or set the closurereset indicator 10042 to the first indicator configuration, for example,if the processor detects that the cutting member has reached the firinghome state position, for example.

As described herein, a surgical instrument can enter into variousoperational states, modes, and/or configurations. In certain instances,the instrument may enter into an operational state, mode, and/orconfiguration that is undesired by the operator who may be unsure as tohow to remove the instrument from that undesired state, mode, and/orconfiguration. In at least one instance, the surgical instrument caninclude a reset button which, when actuated, can place the instrument ina default state, mode, and/or configuration. For instance, the defaultstate, mode, and/or configuration can comprise an operational mode, andnot a navigational mode. In at least one instance, the default stateand/or configuration can comprise a certain orientation of the displayoutput 2250, for example. The reset button can be in signalcommunication with the processor 3008 which can place the surgicalinstrument in the default state, mode, and/or configuration. In certaininstances, the processor 3008 can be configured to hold the surgicalinstrument in the default state, mode, and/or configuration. In at leastone instance, the surgical instrument can include a lock button which,when actuated, can lock the surgical instrument in its default state,mode, and/or configuration. In certain instance, a lock button can lockthe surgical instrument in its current state, mode, and/orconfiguration. The operational state, mode, and/or configuration can beunlocked by actuating the lock button once again. In variousembodiments, the surgical instrument can include at least oneaccelerometer in signal communication with the processor 3008 which candetermine when the instrument handle is being shaken or being moved backand forth quickly. When such shaking is sensed, the processor 3008 canplace the surgical instrument into a default operation state, mode,and/or configuration.

Referring to FIG. 19, in various instances, a surgical assembly 10050may include a surgical instrument such as, for example, the surgicalinstrument 2200 and a remote operating unit 10052. In certain instances,the surgical instrument 2200 may comprise a primary interface such as,for example, the interface 3001 which may reside in the handle assembly2202, as illustrated in FIG. 1. In certain instances, the interface 3001may include a plurality of primary controls such as, for example, theclosure trigger 10020 (FIG. 1), the rotation knob 10022, thearticulation rocker 3012, the home state input 3014, and/or the firinginput 3017 (FIG. 17).

In various instances, an operator of the surgical instrument 2200 maymanually operate the primary controls of the interface 3001 to perform asurgical procedure, for example. As described above, the operator mayactuate the articulation rocker 3012 to activate the motor 2216 toarticulate the end effector 2208 between an unarticulated position andan articulated position, for example. In certain instances, the operatormay actuate the closure trigger 10020 to transition the end effector2208 between an open configuration and a closed configuration, forexample. In certain instances, the operator may actuate the firing input3017 to activate the motor 2216 to motivate the firing member of thesurgical instrument 2200 to fire the staples from the staple cartridge10006 and/or cut tissue captured between the anvil 10002 and the staplecartridge 10006, for example.

In various instances, the operator of the surgical instrument 2200 maynot be sufficiently close in proximity to the handle assembly 2202 to beable to manually operate the interface 3001. For example, the operatormay operate the surgical instrument 2200 together with arobotically-controlled surgical system, which may be controlled from aremote location. In such instances, the operator may need to operate thesurgical instrument 2200 from the remote location where the operatoroperates the robotically-controlled surgical system, for example; theoperator may employ the remote operating unit 10052 to operate thesurgical instrument 2200 remotely, for example. Various robotic systems,instruments, components, and methods are disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTSWITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. 2012/0298719, which is incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20, the remote operating unit 10052 mayinclude a secondary interface 3001′, a display 2250′, and/or a powerassembly 2206′ (or “power source” or “power pack”), for example. Invarious instances, the secondary interface 3001′ may include a pluralityof secondary controls which may correspond to the primary controls ofthe primary interface 3001′. In certain instances, the remote operatingunit 10052 may include a remote articulation rocker 3012′ correspondingto the articulation rocker 3012, for example. In certain instances, theremote operating unit 10052 may include a remote firing input 3017′corresponding to the firing input 3017 of the surgical instrument 2200,for example. In certain instances, the remote operating unit 10052 mayinclude a remote home state input 3014′ corresponding to the home stateinput 3014 of the surgical instrument 2200, for example.

In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG. 19, the remote operatingunit 10052, the interface 3001′, and/or the plurality of secondarycontrols may comprise a different shape and/or design from the handleassembly 2202, the interface 3001, and/or the plurality of primarycontrols, respectively. In certain instances, as illustrated in FIG. 20,the remote operating unit 10052, the interface 3001′, and/or theplurality of secondary controls may comprise the same, or at leastsubstantially the same, shape and/or design to the handle assembly 2202,the interface 3001, and/or the plurality of primary controls,respectively.

In various instances, as illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20, the remoteoperating unit 10052 can be coupled to the handle assembly 2202 of thesurgical instrument 2200 via an elongate flexible cable 10054, forexample, which can be configured to transmit various actuation signalsto the processor 3008 of the surgical instrument 2200, for example; thevarious actuation signals can be generated by actuating the plurality ofsecondary controls of the interface 3001′, for example. In certaininstances, as illustrated in FIG. 21, the remote operating unit 10052may comprise a transmitter 10056 which can be configured to wirelesslytransmit the actuation signals generated by the secondary controls ofthe secondary interface 3001′ from the remote operating unit 10052 tothe processor 3001, for example, through a receiver 10058 which can belocated in the handle assembly 2202, for example.

In various instances, the surgical instrument 2200 and/or the remoteoperating unit 10052 may include communication activation inputs (notshown). In certain instances, actuating the communication activationinputs may be a precursory step to establishing communication betweenthe surgical instrument 2200 and the remote operating unit 10052, forexample; once communication is established, the operator may employ theremote operating unit 10052 to remotely control the surgical instrument2200, for example.

In various instances, the memory 3010 may include program instructionsfor a puppet mode, which when executed may cause the processor 3008 torespond to the actuation signals generated by the plurality of secondarycontrols of the secondary interface 3001′ in the same, or at leastsimilar, manner to the response of the processor 3008 to the actuationsignals generated by the plurality of primary controls of the primaryinterface 3001. In other words, the responses of the processor 3008 tothe actuation signals generated by the plurality of secondary controlscan be configured to mimic the responses of the processor 3008 to theactuation signals generated by the plurality of primary controls, forexample.

In certain instances, actuation of the remote firing input 3017′ maysolicit the same, or at least a similar, response from the processor3008 as the actuation of the firing input 3017; the solicited responsemay include activation of the motor 2216 to motivate the firing memberto fire the staples from the staple cartridge 10006 and/or cut tissuecaptured between the anvil 10002 and the staple cartridge 10006, forexample. In certain instances, actuation of the remote articulationrocker 3012′ may solicit the same, or at least a similar, response fromthe processor 3008 as the actuation of the articulation rocker 3012; thesolicited response may include activation of the motor 2216 toarticulate the end effector 2208 relative to the elongate shaft 2204,for example.

In certain instances, the processor 3008 can be configured to requireinput actuation signals from both of the primary controls of the primaryinterface 3001 and the corresponding secondary controls of the secondaryinterface 3001′ to perform the function solicited by such controls. Insuch instances, the remote operator of the remote operating unit 10052may need the assistance of an additional operator who can be employed tomanually actuate the primary controls of the primary interface 3001while the remote operator actuates the secondary controls of thesecondary interface 3001′, for example.

In various instances, as described above, an operator may operate thesurgical instrument 2200 together with a robotically-controlled surgicalsystem, which may be controlled by a robotic control system from aremote location. In certain instances, the remote operating unit 10052can be configured to work in tandem with the robotic control system. Incertain instances, the robotic control system may include one or morecontrol ports; and the remote operating unit 10052 may compriseconnection means for coupling engagement with the control ports of therobotic control system. In such instances, the operator may operate thesurgical instrument 2200 through an interface of the robotic controlsystem, for example. In various instances, the control ports maycomprise unique mechanical and/or electrical configurations which mayrequire the use of original equipment manufacturer components to ensureconsistent product quality and performance, for example.

In various instances, the remote operating unit 10052 may includevarious indicators 10032′ which can be similar in many respects to theindicators 10032 of the handle assembly 2202. In certain instances, theindicators 10032′ of the remote operating unit 10052 can be employed bythe processor 3008 in the same, or at least substantially the same,manner as the indicators 10032 to guide, alert, and/or provide feedbackto the operator with respect to the various steps of operation of thesurgical instrument 2200.

In various instances, the remote operating unit 10052 may includevarious feedback devices 2248′ which can be similar in many respects tothe feedback devices 2248 of the handle assembly 2202. In certaininstances, the feedback devices 2248′ of the remote operating unit 10052can be employed by the processor 3008 in the same, or at leastsubstantially the same, manner as the feedback devices 2248 to providesensory feedback to the operator with respect to the various steps ofoperation of the surgical instrument 2200. Similar to the feedbackdevices 2248, the feedback devices 2248′ may include, for example,visual feedback devices, audio feedback devices, tactile feedbackdevices, and/or combinations thereof.

In various instances, as illustrated in FIG. 22, the remote operatingunit 10052 can be included or integrated with a first surgicalinstrument 10060 and can be utilized to operate a second surgicalinstrument 10062, for example. In certain instances, the first surgicalinstrument 10060 can reside in a surgical field 10065 and can bemanually operated by the operator from within the surgical field 10065,for example; and the second surgical instrument 10062 can reside outsidethe surgical field 10065. In certain instances, to avoid exiting thesurgical field 10065, the operator may use the remote operating unit10052 to remotely operate the second surgical instrument 10062 fromwithin the surgical field 10065, for example. In certain instances, thesecond surgical instrument 10062 may be a circular stapler, for example.The entire disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 8,360,297, entitled SURGICALCUTTING AND STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH SELF ADJUSTING ANVIL, which issuedon Jan. 29, 2013, is incorporated by reference herein.

In various instances, the first surgical instrument 10060 and/or thesecond surgical instrument 10062 may include communication activationinputs (not shown). In such instances, actuating the communicationactivation inputs may be a precursory step to establishing communicationbetween the first surgical instrument 10060 and the second surgicalinstrument 10062, for example; once communication is established, theoperator may employ the remote operating unit 10052 to remotely controlthe second surgical instrument 10062, for example.

In various instances, a surgical system can include modular componentsthat can be attached and/or combined together to form a surgicalinstrument. In certain instances, the modular components can bedesigned, manufactured, programmed, and/or updated at different timesand/or in accordance with different software and/or firmware revisionsand updates. For example, referring primarily to FIGS. 23 and 24, asurgical instrument 100 can include a first modular component 110, suchas a handle, for example, and a second modular component 120, such as ashaft 122 and an end effector 124, for example, which are described ingreater detail herein. In various circumstances, the first modularcomponent 110 and the second modular component 120 can be assembledtogether to form the modular surgical instrument 100 or at least aportion thereof. Optionally, a different modular component may becoupled to the first modular component 110, such as shaft havingdifferent dimensions and/or features than those of the second modularcomponent 120, for example. In various instances, the surgicalinstrument can include additional modular components, such as a modularbattery, for example. Components of the modular surgical instrument 100can include a control system that is designed and configured to controlvarious elements and/or functions of the surgical instrument 100. Forexample, the first modular component 110 and the second modularcomponent 120 can each comprise a control system, and the controlsystems of each modular component 110, 120 can communicate and/orcooperate. In various instances, the first modular component 110 mayhave been designed, manufactured, programmed, and/or updated at adifferent time and/or with different software and/or firmware than thesecond modular component 120, for example.

Referring now to FIG. 25, the assembled surgical system can include afirst control system 150′ and a second control system 150. The controlsystems 150′, 150 can be in signal communication, for example. Invarious instances, the second modular component 120 can comprise thecontrol system 150, for example, which can include a plurality ofcontrol modules 152. The control modules 152 can affect a surgicalfunction with and/or by an element or subsystem of the surgicalinstrument 100, for example. The control modules 152 can affect asurgical function based on a pre-programmed routine, operator input,and/or system feedback, for example. In various instances, the firstmodular component 110 can also comprise a control system 150′, forexample, which can include a plurality of control modules 152′. Thecontrol system 150′ and/or one of the control modules 152′ of the firstmodular component 110 may be different than the control system 150and/or one of the control modules 152 of the second modular component120. Though the control systems 150 and 150′ can be different, thecontrol systems 150 and 150′ can be configured to control correspondingfunctions. For example, the control module 152(a) and the control module152(a)′ can both issue commands to firmware modules 158 to implement afiring stroke, for example. In various instances, one of the controlsystems 150, 150′ and/or a control module 152, 152′ thereof may includeupdated software and/or firmware and/or can have a more-recent effectivedate, as described in greater detail herein.

A control module 152, 152′ can comprise software, firmware, a program, amodule, and/or a routine, for example, and/or can include multiplesoftware, firmware, programs, control modules, and/or routines, forexample. In various circumstances, the control systems 150, 150′ caninclude multiple tiers and/or levels of command. For example, thecontrol system 150 can include a first tier 144 of control modules 152,a second tier 146 of control modules 152, and/or a third tier 148 ofcontrol modules 152. Control modules 152 of the first tier 144 can beconfigured to issue commands to the control modules 152 of the secondtier 146, for example, and the control modules 152 of the second tier146 can be configured to issue commands to the control modules 152 ofthe third tier 148. In various instances, the control systems 150, 150′can include less than three tiers and/or more than three tiers, forexample.

Referring still to FIG. 25, the control module(s) 152 in the first tier144 can comprise high-level software, or a clinical algorithm 154. Theclinical algorithm 154 can control the high-level functions of thesurgical instrument 100, for example. In certain instances, the controlmodule(s) 152 in the second tier 146 can comprise intermediate software,or framework module(s) 156, which can control the intermediate-levelfunctions of the surgical instrument 100, for example. In certaininstances, the clinical algorithm 154 of the first tier 144 can issueabstract commands to the framework module(s) 156 of the second tier 146to control the surgical instrument 100. Furthermore, the control modules152 in the third tier 148 can comprise firmware modules 158, forexample, which can be specific to a particular hardware component 160,or components, of the surgical instrument 100. For example, the firmwaremodules 158 can correspond to a particular cutting element, firing bar,trigger, sensor, and/or motor of the surgical instrument 100, and/or cancorrespond to a particular subsystem of the surgical instrument 100, forexample. In various instances, a framework module 156 can issue commandsto a firmware module 158 to implement a surgical function with thecorresponding hardware component 160. Accordingly, the various controlmodules 152 of the surgical system 100 can communicate and/or cooperateduring a surgical procedure.

Referring still to FIG. 25, the control system 150 of the secondcomponent 120 can correspond to the control system 150′ of the firstcomponent 110, and the various control modules 152 of the secondcomponent 120 can correspond to the control modules 152′ of the firstcomponent 110. Stated differently, each control module 152 can include aparallel, or corresponding control module 152′, and both control modules152 and 152′ can be configured to perform identical, similar and/orrelated functions and/or to provide identical, similar and/or relatedcommands. Referring still to FIG. 25, the control module 152 a cancorrespond to the control module 152 a′. For example, the controlmodules 152 a and 152 a′ can both control the firing stroke of a cuttingelement; however, control module 152 a can be configured to control afirst cutting element design or model number and control module 152 a′can be configured to control a different cutting element design or modelnumber, for example. In other instances, the control module 152 a′ cancomprise a software program and control module 152 a can comprise anupdated or revised version of the software program, for example.

In various instances, the first component 110 of the surgical instrument100 can include a clinical algorithm 154′ that is different than theclinical algorithm 154 of the second component 120. Additionally and/oralternatively, the first component 110 can include a framework module156′ that is different than a corresponding framework module 156 of thesecond component 120, and/or the first component 110 can include afirmware module 158′ that is different than a corresponding firmwaremodule 158 of the second component 120.

In various instances, corresponding control modules 152, 152′ cancomprise different effective dates. A person having ordinary skill inthe art will appreciate that the effective date of a control module 152,152′ can correspond to a date that the control module 152, 152′ wasdesigned, created, programmed, and/or updated, for example. Theeffective date of a control module can be recorded or stored in theprogram code of the control module, for example. In certain instances, acontrol module of the surgical instrument 100 can be outdated.Furthermore, an out-of-date, or less-recently updated, control modulemay be incompatible with, disjointed from, and/or disconnected from anup-to-date and/or more-recently updated, control module. Accordingly, incertain instances, it may be desirable to update out-of-date controlmodules to ensure proper and effective operation of the surgicalinstrument 100.

In various instances, a modular component of the surgical system caninclude a predetermined default, or master, control system. In suchinstances, if the control systems of the assembled modular componentsare different, the default control system can update, overwrite, revise,and/or replace the non-default control systems. In other words, ifcorresponding control modules are different, incompatible, orinconsistent, for example, the non-default control module can be updatedand the default control module can be preserved. For example, if thehandle 110 comprises the control system 150′, which is the non-defaultcontrol system, and the shaft 120 comprises the control system 150,which is the master control system, the control system 150′ of thehandle 110 can be updated based on the control system 150 of the shaft120.

It may be desirable to program a shaft component 120 of the surgicalinstrument to include the default control system in circumstances whereshaft components are more frequently updated and/or modified than handlecomponents. For example, if new generations and/or iterations of shaftcomponents 120 are introduced more frequently than new generationsand/or iterations of handle components 110, it may be advantageous toinclude a default, or master, control system in the shaft component 120of the modular surgical instrument 100. Various circumstances describedthroughout the present disclosure relate to updating control modules ofa handle component based on control modules of the shaft component;however, a person of skill in the art will readily appreciate that, inother contemplated circumstances, the control modules of the shaftcomponent and/or a different modular component may be updated instead ofor in addition to the control modules of the handle component.

In various instances, the surgical instrument 100 (FIGS. 23 and 24) cancompare the control module(s) 152′ at each tier or level in the controlsystem 150′ to the control module(s) 152 at each corresponding tier orlevel in the control system 150. If the control modules 152 and 152′ incorresponding tiers are different, a control system 150, 150′ can updatethe non-default control module(s), for example. Referring to FIG. 26, atstep 201, the control system 150 and/or the control system 150′ cancompare the control module(s) 152′ of the first tier 144′ of the firstcomponent 110 to the control module(s) 152 of the first tier 144 of thesecond component 120. Where the first tiers 144, 144′ comprisehigh-level clinical algorithms 154, 154′, respectively, the controlsystem 150 and/or the control system 150′ can compare the clinicalalgorithms 154 and 154′, for example. Furthermore, at step 203, if thecontrol modules 152, 152′ in the first tiers 144, 144′ are different,the control system 150 and/or the control system 150′ can update themodule(s) 152′ of the first tier 144′ with the default module(s) 152 ofthe first tier 144, for example. In various instances, the controlsystem 150 can compare and/or update a control system and/or controlmodules and, in other circumstances, the control system 150′ can compareand update a control system and/or control modules, for example. Invarious instances, one of the control systems 150, 150′ can beconfigured to compare and/or update a control system and/or controlmodules and, in other instances, both control systems 150, 150′ can beconfigured to compare and/or update a control system and/or controlmodules.

At step 205, the control system 150 and/or the control system 150′ cancompare the control modules 152′ of the second tier 146′ of the firstcomponent 110 to the control modules 152 of the second tier 146 of thesecond component 120. For example, where the second tiers 146, 146′comprise mid-level framework algorithms 156, 156′, the control systems150, 150′ can compare the framework algorithms 156 and 156′, forexample. At step 207, if the modules 152, 152′ in the second tiers 146,146′ are different, the control systems 150, 150′ can update the controlmodules 152′ of the second tier 146′ with the default control modules152 of the second tier 146. In various instances, though one or more ofthe control modules 152′ in the second tier 146′ can be the same as acorresponding module 152 in the second tier 146, all control modules152′ of the second tier 146′ can be updated if any corresponding secondtier modules 152, 152′ are different. In other instances, as describedin greater detail herein, only the control module(s) 152′ that is/aredifferent than the corresponding module(s) 152 may be updated.

At step 209, the control systems 150 and/or the control system 150′ cancompare the control modules 152′ of the third tier 148′ of the firstcomponent 110 to the control modules 152 of the third tier 148 of thesecond component 120. For example, where the third tiers 148, 148′comprise firmware modules 158, 158′, the control system 150 and/or thecontrol system 150′ can compare the firmware modules 158 and 158′, forexample. If the modules 152, 152′ in the third tiers 148, 148′ aredifferent, the control system 150 and/or the control system 150′ canupdate the control modules 152′ of the third tier 148′ with the defaultcontrol modules 152 of the third tier 148 at step 211. In variousinstances, though one or more of the control modules 152′ in the thirdtier 148′ can be the same as a corresponding control module 152 in thethird tier 148, all modules 152′ of the third tier 148′ can be updatedif any corresponding third tier modules 152, 152′ are different. Inother instances, only the control module(s) 152′ that is/are differentthan the corresponding control module(s) 152 may be updated, asdescribed in greater detail herein. Referring still to FIG. 26, thefirst tier control modules 154, 154′ can be updated prior to the secondtier control modules 156, 156′, for example, and the second tier controlmodules 156, 156′ can be updated prior to the third tier control modules158, 158′, for example. In other instances, as described in greaterdetail herein, the third tier control modules 158, 158′ can be updatedprior to the second tier control modules 156, 156′, for example, and thesecond tier control modules 156, 156′ can be updated before the firsttier control modules 154, 154′, for example.

As described above, the control system 150 and/or the control system150′ may compare the control system 150, 150′ and/or the control modules152, 152′ thereof prior to updating, replacing and/or overwriting anoutdated control module 152, 152′ and/or control systems 150, 150′. Areader will appreciate that this step can reduce the instrument startuptime when software updates and/or upgrades are unnecessary or unmerited.Alternatively, the comparison steps 201, 205, and 209 could beeliminated, and the control systems 150, 150′ may automatically update,replace, revise and/or overwrite the control module(s) 152′ of the firstmodular component 110 and/or specific, predetermined control module(s)152 of the first modular component 110, for example.

In various instances, the control modules 152, 152′ can be compared andupdated on a tier-by-tier basis and, in other instances, the controlsystems 150, 150′ can be compared and updated on a system-by-systembasis. In still other instances, the control modules 152, 152′ can beupdated on a module-by-module basis. For example, referring now to FIG.27, at step 221, a third tier module 158′ of the first control system150′ can be compared to a corresponding third tier module 158 of thesecond control system 150. In various instances, the effective date ofthe third tier module 158′ can be compared to the effective date of thecorresponding third tier module 158. Moreover, the control system 150and/or the control system 150′ can determine if the effective date ofthe third tier module 158′ postdates the effective date of the thirdtier module 158. If the third tier module 158′ is newer than the thirdtier module 158, for example, the third tier module 158′ can bepreserved at step 225. Conversely, if the third tier module 158′ is notnewer than the third tier module 158, i.e., the third tier module 158predates the corresponding third tier module 158 or the third tiermodule 158 and the corresponding third tier module 158′ have the sameeffective date, the third tier module 158′ can be updated, replaced,revised, and/or overwritten by the corresponding third tier module 158,for example. Furthermore, in various instances, steps 221 and either 223or 225 can be repeated for each module 158, 158′ in the third tier ofthe control systems 150, 150′. Accordingly, the modules 158′ in thethird tier 148′ may be updated on a module-by-module basis, and invarious instances, only outdated modules 158′ can be updated and/oroverwritten, for example.

Referring still to FIG. 27, after all third tier modules 158, 158′ havebeen compared and possibly updated, the control systems 150, 150′ canprogress to step 227. At step 227, the control system 150 and/or thecontrol system 150′ can confirm that a third tier module 158′ of thefirst control system 150′ is connected and/or in proper communicationwith a second tier module 156′ of the control system 150′. For example,in circumstances where the third tier module 158′ was updated at step223, the second tier module 156′ may be disconnected from the updatedthird tier module 158′. If the third tier module 158′ is disconnectedfrom the second tier module 156′, for example, the second tier module156′ can be updated, replaced, revised, and/or overwritten at step 229.The second tier module 156′ can be replaced by the corresponding secondtier module 156 of the second control system 150, for example.Conversely, if the third tier module 158′ is properly connected and/orin communication with the second tier module 156′, the second tiermodule 156′ can be preserved. Furthermore, in various instances, steps227 and either 229 or 231 can be repeated for each module 158, 158′ inthe third tier of the control systems 150, 150′. Accordingly, themodules 156′ in the second tier 146′ may be updated on amodule-by-module basis, and in various instances, only disconnectedmodules 156′ can be updated or overwritten, for example.

After updating any outdated third tier modules 158′ (steps 221 and 223)and ensuring all updated third tier modules 158′, if any, are connectedto the appropriate second tier module 156′ on the first modularcomponent 110 (steps 227, 229, and 231), the control systems 150, 150′can progress to step 233, wherein the first tier module 154′ of thefirst control system 150′ can be compared to a corresponding first tiermodule 154 of the second control system 150. If the first tier modules154, 154′ are the same, the updating and/or revising process can becomplete. Conversely, if the first tier modules 154, 154′ are different,the first tier module 154′ of the first control system 150′ can beupdated, replaced, revised, and/or overwritten by the first tier module154 of the second control system 150.

As described herein, the software and/or firmware modules of the modularcomponents 110, 120 can be updated, revised, and/or replaced on amodule-by-module, tier-by-tier, and/or system-by-system basis. Incertain instances, the updating and/or revision process can be automaticwhen the modular components are attached and/or operably coupled. Inother circumstances, an operator of the surgical instrument 100 caninitiate or trigger the updating and/or revision process describedherein.

In various instances, a modular surgical instrument, such as the modularsurgical instrument 100 (FIGS. 23 and 24), for example, can include amicrocontroller in signal communication with an engagement sensor and adisplay. In various instances, the engagement sensor can detect therelative positioning of modular components of the surgical system.Referring again to FIGS. 23 and 24, where the first modular component110 comprises a handle and the second modular component 120 comprises ashaft, for example, an engagement sensor can detect whether the shaft120 is engaged with and/or operably coupled to the handle 110. Invarious instances, the shaft 120 can be moveable between engagement withthe handle 110 (FIG. 23) and disengagement from the handle 110 (FIG.24).

Referring primarily to FIGS. 28(A) and 28(B), an engagement sensor, suchas the engagement sensor 602, for example, can be in signalcommunication with a microcontroller, such as the microcontroller 604,for example, of a surgical system. In various instances, the engagementsensor 602 can detect whether the modular components 110, 120 areengaged or disengaged, for example, and can communicate the engagementor lack thereof to the microcontroller 604, for example. When theengagement sensor 602 indicates that the shaft 120 is engaged with thehandle 110, for example, the microcontroller 604 can permit a surgicalfunction by the modular surgical instrument 100 (FIG. 23). If themodular components 110, 120 are operably coupled, for example, anactuation of the firing trigger 112 (FIG. 23) on the handle 110 canaffect, or at least attempt to affect, a firing motion in the shaft 120,for example. Conversely, if the engagement sensor 602 indicates that theshaft 120 is disengaged from the handle 110, the microcontroller 604 canprevent a surgical function. For example, if the modular components 110,120 are disconnected, an actuation of the firing trigger 612 may notaffect, or not attempt to affect, a firing motion in the shaft 120.

In various instances, the modular surgical instrument 100 can include adisplay, such as the display 606 (FIG. 28(B)), for example. The display606 can be integrated into one of the modular components 110, 120 of thesurgical instrument 100 and/or can be external to the modular components110, 120 and in signal communication with the microcontroller 604 of thesurgical instrument 100. In various instances, the microcontroller 604can communicate the information detected by the engagement sensor 602 tothe display 606. For example, the display 606 can depict engagementand/or non-engagement of the modular components 110, 120. Moreover, invarious instances, the display 606 can provide instructions and/orguidance regarding how to (a) properly attach, couple, and/or engage thedisengaged components 110, 120 of the surgical instrument 100, and/orhow to (b) properly un-attach, decouple, and/or disengage the engagedcomponents 110, 120 of the surgical instrument 100. Referring again toFIG. 28(A), in various instances, the engagement sensor 604 can comprisea Hall Effect switch, and in other instances, the engagement sensor cancomprise a different and/or additional sensor and/or switch, forexample.

In certain circumstances, the engagement sensor 604 can detect thedegree of engagement between modular components of a surgicalinstrument. In instances where the first component comprises the handle110, for example, and the second component comprises the shaft 120, forexample, the handle 110 and the shaft 120 can move between a disengagedposition, a partially-engaged position, and an engaged position. Thepartially-engaged position can be intermediate the disengaged positionand the engaged position, for example, and there may be multiplepartially-engaged positions intermediate the engaged position and thedisengaged position, for example. In various instances, the engagementsensor 604 can include a plurality of sensors, which can detect thepartially-engaged position(s) of the components 110, 120. For example,the engagement sensor 606 can comprise a plurality of sensors and/orelectrical contacts, for example, which can be staggered along anattachment portion of at least one of the modular components 110, 120,for example. In certain instances, the engagement sensor(s) 604 cancomprise a Hall Effect sensor, for example.

In certain instances, referring primarily to FIGS. 29(A) and 29(B), thesurgical system 100 can include multiple sensors in signal communicationwith a microcontroller, such as the microcontroller 614, for example.The multiple sensors can include a first sensor 612 (FIG. 29(A)), whichcan detect the presence of the first component 120, and can communicatethe presence of the first component 120 to the microcontroller 614, forexample. In various instances, the first sensor 612 may not detectand/or communicate the degree of engagement between the first component110 and the second component 120, for example. In various instances, asecond sensor 613 (FIG. 29(A)) can also be in signal communication withthe microcontroller 614. The second sensor 613 can detect the degree ofengagement between the modular components 110, 120, for example.

Similar to the control system depicted in FIGS. 28(A) and 28(B), themicrocontroller 614 can issue commands based on the feedback receivedfrom the sensors 612 and 613, and/or can be in signal communication witha display to display the feedback and/or otherwise communicate with anoperator of the surgical system. For example, the microcontroller 614can prevent a surgical function until the modular components 110, 120are in the engaged position, and can prevent a surgical function whenthe modular components 110, 120 are partially-engaged, for example.Furthermore, the microcontroller 614 can communicate the informationdetected by the engagement sensor to a display. For example, the displaycan depict engagement, partial-engagement and/or non-engagement of themodular components 110, 120. Moreover, in various instances, the displaycan provide instructions and/or guidance regarding how to properlyattach, couple, and/or engage disengaged and/or partially-engagedcomponents 110, 120 of the surgical instrument, for example.

In various instances, a surgical instrument can include a microprocessorsuch as the microprocessor 604 (FIGS. 28(A) and 28(B)) or 614 (FIGS.29(A) and 29(B)), for example, which can be in signal communication witha memory chip or memory unit. The microprocessor can communicate dataand/or feedback detected and/or calculated by the various sensors,programs, and/or circuits of the surgical instrument to the memory chip,for example. In various instances, recorded data can relate to the timeand/or duration of the surgical procedure, as well as the time and/orduration of various functions and/or portions of the surgical procedure,for example. Additionally or alternatively, recorded data can relate toconditions at the treatment site and/or conditions within the surgicalinstrument, for example. In certain instances, recordation of data canbe automatic and, in other instances, the microprocessor may not recorddata unless and/or until instructed to record data. For example, it maybe preferable to record data during a surgical procedure, maintain orstore the recorded data in the memory chip, and/or transfer the recordeddata to a secure site. In other circumstances, it may be preferable torecord data during a surgical procedure and delete the recorded datathereafter, for example.

A surgical instrument and/or microcontroller thereof can comprise a datastorage protocol. The data storage protocol can provide rules forrecording, processing, storing, transferring, and/or deleting data, forexample. In various instances, the data storage protocol can bepreprogrammed and/or updated during the lifecycle of the surgicalinstrument. In various instances, the data storage protocol can mandatedeletion of the recorded data after completion of a surgical functionand/or surgical operation and, in other instances, the data storageprotocol can mandate deletion of the recorded data after the elapse of apredefined period of time. For example, recorded data can be deleted, inaccordance with the data storage protocol, one minute, one hour, oneday, one week, one month or one year after the surgical function. Thepredefined period of time can be any suitable and appropriate periodpermitted by the circumstances.

In certain circumstances, the data storage protocol can mandate deletionof the recorded data after a predefined number of surgical functions,such as firing strokes, for example. In still other instances, the datastorage protocol can mandate deletion of the recorded data when thesurgical instrument is powered off. For example, referring to FIG. 31,if the surgical instrument is powered off, the microcontroller canproceed to step 709, wherein the microcontroller can determine if anerror or major issue, such as an instrument, component or subsystemfailure, for example, occurred during the surgical procedure. In variousinstances, if an error is detected, the microcontroller can proceed tostep 713, wherein the data can be stored in the memory chip, forexample. Moreover, in certain instances, if an error is not detected,the microcontroller can proceed to step 711, wherein the data can bedeleted, for example. In other instances, the data storage protocol maynot comprise the step 709, and the data storage protocol can continuewithout checking for a major error or failure, for example.

In still other instances, the data storage protocol can mandate deletionof the recorded data after a predefined period of inactivity orstillness of the surgical instrument. For example, if the surgicalinstrument is set down and/or put into storage, the data storageprotocol can mandate deletion of the recorded data after the surgicalinstrument has been still or idle for a predefined period of time. Therequisite period of stillness can be one minute, one hour, one day, oneweek, one month, or one year, for example. The predefined period ofstillness can be any suitable and appropriate period permitted by thecircumstances. In various instances, the surgical instrument can includean accelerometer, for example, which can detect movement and stillnessof the surgical instrument. Referring again to FIG. 31, when thesurgical instrument has not been powered off at step 701, theaccelerometer can be set to detect movement of the surgical instrument.If movement is detected at step 703, prior to lapsing of the predefinedidle period at step 707, the predefined idle time count can be restartedat step 705. Conversely, if movement is not detected by theaccelerometer prior to lapsing of the predefined idle period at step707, the microprocessor can proceed to step 709, for example. In othercircumstances, the microprocessor can proceed directly to step 711 or713, depending on the data storage protocol, without checking for aninstrument error or failure, for example.

As described herein, the data storage protocol can include one of moredefault rules for deleting recorded data. In certain instances, however,it may be desirable to override the default rule or procedure. Forexample, for research and/or development purposes, it may be desirableto store recorded data for a longer period of time. Additionally oralternatively, it may be desirable to store recorded data for teachingand/or investigative purposes. Moreover, in various instances, the datastorage protocol may not include an error-checking step and, in suchinstances, it may be desirable to override the data storage protocol andensure storage of data when the operator detects or suspects an errorand/or anomaly during a surgical procedure, for example. The recovereddata can facilitate review of the procedure and/or a determination ofthe cause of the error, for example. In various instances, a key orinput may be required to overcome or override the standard data storageprotocol. In various instances, the key can be entered into the surgicalinstrument and/or a remote storage device, and can be entered by anoperator and/or user of the surgical instrument, for example.

In various instances, a surgical system may prompt the user orinstrument operator to select either data deletion or data storage foreach surgical procedure or function. For example, the data storageprotocol may mandate solicitation of instructions from the user, and maycommand subsequent action in accordance with the user's instructions.The surgical system may solicit instructions from the user upon theoccurrence of a particular trigger event, such as powering down of theinstrument, the elapse of a predefined period of time, or the completionof a particular surgical function, for example.

In certain instances, the surgical system can request input from a userwhen the surgical instrument is powered down, for example. Referring toFIG. 30, when a user initiates powering off of a surgical instrument atstep 801, for example, the surgical system can request data storageinstructions from the user. For example, at step 803, a display of thesurgical system can ask, “KEEP DATA Y/N?” In various instances, themicrocontroller of the surgical system can read the user input at step805. If the user requests storage of the data, the microcontroller canproceed to step 809, wherein the data is stored in a memory unit ormemory chip of the surgical system. If the user requests deletion of thedata, the microcontroller can proceed to step 811, wherein the data iserased. In various instances, the user may not enter input. In suchinstances, the data storage protocol can mandate a particular process atstep 813. For example, the data storage protocol may mandate “ProcessI”, “Process II”, or an alternative process, for example. In certaininstances, “Process I” can command the deletion of data at step 813(a),and “Process II” can command the storage of data at step 813(b), forexample. In various circumstances, the user can provide instructions tothe surgical instrument before instruction have been solicited, forexample. Additionally or alternatively, a display associated with thesurgical system can request instruction from the user prior toinitiating the surgical function and/or at different time(s) duringinstrument use, for example.

If data is stored in the memory of the surgical instrument, the data canbe securely stored. For example, a code or key may be required to accessthe stored data. In certain instances, the access key can comprise anidentification code. For example, the identification code can bespecific to the operator, user, or owner of the surgical instrument. Insuch instances, only an authorized person can obtain a licensedidentification code, and thus, only authorized personnel can access thestored data. Additionally or alternatively, the access key can bespecific to the instrument and/or can be a manufacturer's code, forexample. In certain instances, the access key can comprise a secureserver, and data can be transferred and/or accessed by an approvedBluetooth and/or radio frequency (RF) transmission, for example. Instill other circumstances, the access key can comprise a physical key,such as memory key and/or a data exchange port connector, which can bephysically coupled to a data exchange port of the surgical instrument.In such instances, the access key can be preprogrammed to obtain accessto the secure data, and to securely store and/or transfer the data, forexample. In various circumstances, an access key can correspond to aspecific surgical instrument, for example.

In various instances, data extraction from the memory device of asurgical instrument can be restricted by various security measures. Incertain instances, the memory device of the surgical instrument cancomprise a secure data connection or data exchange port. For example,the data exchange port can have a proprietary geometry or shape, andonly authorized personnel can obtain a corresponding port key designedand structured to fit the proprietary geometry or shape, for example. Invarious instances, the data exchange port can comprise a mechanicallock, which can comprise a plug, a plurality of pins, and/or a pluralityof springs, for example. In various instances, a physical key orextraction device can unlock the mechanical lock of the data exchangeport. For example, the physical key can contact the plurality of pins,deform the plurality of springs, and/or bias the plug from a lockedorientation to an unlocked orientation to unlock the data exchange port,for example.

In various instances, the data exchange port can comprise at least oneconnection pin, which can be biased and/or held in a first position.When a physical key is inserted into and/or engages the data exchangeport, the physical key can bias the connection pin from the firstposition to a second position, for example. In various instances, thefirst position can comprise a retracted position, for example, and thesecond position can comprise an extended position, for example.Moreover, when the connection pin is moved to the second position, theconnection pin can operably interface with a data connection port in thephysical key, for example. Accordingly, the data exchange port of thememory device can move into signal communication with the data exchangeport of the physical key via the connection pin, for example, such thatdata can be exchanged and/or transferred therebetween. In variousinstances, the physical key can comprise a modular component, forexample, which can be configured to removably attach to the modularsurgical instrument. In certain instances, the physical key can replaceor mimic a modular component 110, 120 of a surgical instrument 100(FIGS. 23 and 24). For example, the physical key can attach to anattachment portion of the handle 110 in lieu of a shaft attachment 120,for example, for the transfer of data from a memory device in the handle120.

Additionally or alternatively, the key or extraction device can comprisea security token. In various instances, the data exchange port can beencrypted, for example, and/or the key can provide information or codesto the data exchange port to verify that the key is authorized and/orapproved to extract data from the data exchange port. In certaincircumstances, the key can comprise a specialized data reader, forexample, and data can be transferred via an optical data transmissionarrangement, for example.

Referring now to FIGS. 32(A)-32(C), before data access is granted to aproposed data reader, the data reader may need to be verified and/orconfirmed by the surgical instrument. For example, the proposed datareader can request and read a checksum value of the surgical instrumentat step 821. As depicted in the surgical instrument flowchart depictedin FIG. 32(C), the surgical instrument can first receive the proposeddata reader request at step 841, and can then send the checksum value tothe proposed data reader at step 843. Referring again to FIG. 32(A), atstep 823, the proposed data reader can calculate or determine anappropriate return code based on the checksum value provided by thesurgical instrument. The proposed data reader can have access to a codetable, for example, and, if the proposed data reader is appropriatelyattempting to access the data, the appropriate return code can beavailable in the code table. In such instances, the proposed data readercan pull or calculate the return code at step 823 and can send thereturn code to the surgical instrument at step 825. Referring again toFIG. 32(C), upon receiving the return code from the proposed data readerat step 845, the surgical instrument can verify that the return code iscorrect at step 847. If the code is incorrect, the microprocessor of thesurgical instrument can proceed to step 849, for example, and thesurgical instrument can be shut down, or access to the stored data canbe otherwise denied. However, if the code is correct, the microprocessorcan proceed to step 851, for example, and the surgical instrument canprovide data access to the proposed data reader. For example, the datacan be securely transferred to the data reader at step 851. Thereafter,at step 827 (FIG. 32(A)), the proposed data reader can read the datafrom the surgical instrument, for example. In various instances, thetransferred data can be encrypted, for example, and the data reader mayneed to decrypt the unintelligible data prior to reading it, forexample.

Referring primarily to FIG. 32(B), an alternate data extraction securitymethod can be similar to the method depicted in FIG. 32(A), for example,and can also require the consideration of a reader-specific code.Although the reader can read the checksum of the device at step 831 andthe return code can be based on the checksum, in various circumstances,the proposed data reader can have a reader-specific code, and theappropriate return code from the code table can be based on thereader-specific code. For example, the proposed data reader can considerthe reader-specific code at step 832, and can determine the appropriatereturn code at step 833 based on the reader-specific code and the codetable, for example. The proposed data reader can provide thereader-specific code and the return code to the surgical instrument atstep 835, for example. In such instances, referring again to FIG. 32(C),the microcontroller of the surgical instrument can verify the returncode and reader-specific code, at step 845. Moreover, if these codes arecorrect, the surgical instrument can provide access to the proposed datareader. Thereafter, at step 827, the proposed data reader can read thedata from the surgical instrument, for example. If one or both of thecodes are incorrect, the surgical instrument can prevent the reader fromreading the data. For example, the surgical instrument can shut down orotherwise restrict the transfer of data to the reader.

Referring now to FIG. 33, in various instances, a surgical system cancomprise a surgical instrument 1600, which can be formed from aplurality of modular components. As described in greater detail herein,a handle component can be compatible with a plurality of different shaftcomponents, for example, and the handle component and/or the shaftcomponents can be reusable, for example. Moreover, a microcontroller ofthe surgical instrument 1600 can include a locking circuit, for example.In various instances, the locking circuit can prevent actuation of thesurgical instrument until the locking circuit has been unlocked, forexample. In various circumstances, the operator can enter a temporaryaccess code into the surgical system to unlock the locking circuit ofthe microcontroller, for example.

In various circumstances, the operator can purchase or otherwise obtainthe temporary access code for entering into the surgical system. Forexample, the instrument manufacturer or distributor can offer accesscodes for sale, and such access codes can be required in order tounlock, and thus use, the surgical instrument 1660. In variousinstances, the access code can unlock the locking circuit for apredefined period of time. The instrument manufacturer or distributorcan offer different durations of use for purchase, and the user canselect and purchase or acquire, a desired or preferable duration of use.For example, the user may acquire ten minutes of use, one hour of use,or one day of use. In other instances, additional and/or differentsuitable periods of use can be offered for sale or authorization. Invarious instances, after the acquired period of use expires, the lockingcircuit can be relocked. In other instances, an access code can unlockthe locking circuit for a predefined number of surgical functions. Forexample, a user may purchase or otherwise obtain a single instrumentfiring or multiple firings, for example. Moreover, after the user hasfired the instrument the purchased or authorized number of times, thelocking circuit can be relocked. In still other instances, an accesscode can permanently unlock the locking circuit, for example.

In various instances, the operator can enter the temporary access codedirectly into the surgical system via a keypad or other suitable inputarrangement. In other instances, the locking circuit can be unlocked bycoupling a nonvolatile memory unit to the surgical instrument 1600,wherein the nonvolatile memory unit comprises a preprogrammed accesscode. In various instances, the nonvolatile memory unit can be loadedinto a battery 1650 of the surgical instrument 1660, for example.Moreover, the nonvolatile memory unit can be reloaded and/or replaced.For example, the user can purchase replacement nonvolatile memory units.Additionally or alternatively, new codes can be purchased and uploadedto the nonvolatile memory unit, for example, after thepreviously-obtained access codes expire or lapse. In various instances,new codes can be loaded onto the nonvolatile memory unit when thebattery 1650 is coupled to a power source and/or external computer 1670,for example.

In other instances, the temporary access code can be entered into anexternal or remote access code input, such as a display screen,computer, and/or heads up display. For example, a temporary access codecan be purchased via a computer 1660, and can be transmitted to a radiofrequency (RF) device 1680 coupled to the computer 1660. In variousinstances, the surgical instrument 1600 can comprise a receiver orantenna, which can be in signal communication with the radio frequencydevice 1680, for example. In such instances, the radio frequency device1680 can transmit the acquired temporary access code(s) to the surgicalinstrument 1600 receiver, for example. Accordingly, the locking circuitcan be unlocked, and the operator can use the surgical instrument 1600for the purchased time period and/or number of surgical functions, forexample.

In various instances, a modular surgical instrument may be compatiblewith an external display for depicting data and/or feedback from thesurgical instrument. For example, the surgical instrument can comprisean instrument display for displaying feedback from the surgicalprocedure. In various instances, the instrument display can bepositioned on the handle of the instrument, for example. In certaininstances, the instrument display can depict a video feed viewed from anendoscope, for example. Additionally or alternatively, the display candetect sensed, measured, approximated, and/or calculated characteristicsof the surgical instrument, surgical operation, and/or surgical site,for example. In various instances, it may be desirable to transmit thefeedback to an external display. The external display can provide anenlarged view of the duplicated and/or reproduced feedback, for example,which can allow multiple operators and/or assistants to simultaneouslyview the feedback. In various instances, it may be desirable to selectthe surgical instrument for connection to the external display, forexample, and, in other instances, the selection of a surgical instrumentmay be automatic.

Referring to FIG. 34, an external display 1700 can depict an endeffector 1720 of a surgical instrument and/or the surgical site, forexample. The external display 1700 can also depict feedback and/or datasensed and/or measured by the surgical instrument, for example. Invarious instances, the external display 1700 can duplicate feedbackprovided on the display of the surgical instrument. In certaincircumstances, the surgical instrument can automatically connect withthe external display 1700 and/or a wireless receiver in signalcommunication with the external, or operating room, display 1700, forexample. In such instances, an operator can be notified if multiplesurgical instruments are attempting to connect to the external display1700. As described herein, the operator can select the desired surgicalinstrument(s) from a menu on the external display 1700, for example. Instill other instances, the operator can select the desired surgicalinstrument by providing an input to the surgical instrument. Forexample, the operator can issue a command, control sequence, or input acode to select the surgical instrument. In various instances, theoperator may complete a specific control sequence with the surgicalinstrument to select that surgical instrument. For example, the operatormay power on the surgical instrument and, within a predefined period oftime, hold down the reverse button for a predefined period of time, forexample, to select the surgical instrument. When an instrument isselected, the feedback on the selected instrument display can berebroadcast or duplicated on the external display 1700, for example.

In certain instances, the surgical system can include a proximitysensor. For example, the external display and/or wireless receiver cancomprise a proximity sensor, which can detect when a surgical instrumentis brought within a predefined range thereof. Referring primarily toFIGS. 35 and 36, when the display 1700 and/or wireless receiver detect asurgical instrument, the display can notify the user. In certaincircumstances, the display and/or wireless receiver may detect multiplesurgical instruments. Referring to FIG. 35, the display 1700 can includea non-obtrusive notification 1704, for example, which can communicate tothe user that a surgical instrument, or multiple surgical instruments,have been detected in the proximity of the display 1700. Accordingly,using the controls for the display 1700, such as a computer, forexample, the user can click the notification 1704 to open the menu 1706of instrument selections (FIG. 36). The menu 1706 can depict theavailable surgical instruments, for example, and the user can select thepreferred surgical instrument for broadcasting on the display 1700. Forexample, the menu 1706 can depict the serial numbers and/or names of theavailable surgical instruments.

In certain instances, the selected surgical instrument can providefeedback to the operator to confirm its selection. For example, theselected surgical instrument can provide auditory or haptic feedback,for example. Additionally, the selected surgical instrument canbroadcast at least a portion of its feedback to the external display1700. In certain instances, the operator can select multiple surgicalinstruments and the display 1700 can be shared by the selected surgicalinstruments. Additionally or alternatively, the operating room caninclude multiple displays and at least one surgical instrument can beselected for each display, for example. Various surgical system featuresand/or components are further described in U.S. patent application Ser.No. 13/974,166, filed Aug. 23, 2013, and titled FIRING MEMBER RETRACTIONDEVICES FOR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, which is hereby incorporatedby reference in its entirety.

The entire disclosures of:

U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,312, entitled ELECTROSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE,which issued on Apr. 4, 1995;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,000,818, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVINGSEPARATE DISTINCT CLOSING AND FIRING SYSTEMS, which issued on Feb. 21,2006;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,422,139, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING ANDFASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH TACTILE POSITION FEEDBACK, which issued onSep. 9, 2008;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,464,849, entitled ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTWITH CLOSURE SYSTEM AND ANVIL ALIGNMENT COMPONENTS, which issued on Dec.16, 2008;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,670,334, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING ANARTICULATING END EFFECTOR, which issued on Mar. 2, 2010;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,753,245, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS, whichissued on Jul. 13, 2010;

U.S. Pat. No. 8,393,514, entitled SELECTIVELY ORIENTABLE IMPLANTABLEFASTENER CARTRIDGE, which issued on Mar. 12, 2013;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/343,803, entitled SURGICALINSTRUMENT HAVING RECORDING CAPABILITIES;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,573, entitled SURGICAL CUTTINGAND FASTENING INSTRUMENT HAVING RF ELECTRODES, filed Feb. 14, 2008;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,873, entitled END EFFECTORS FORA SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING INSTRUMENT, filed Feb. 15, 2008, nowU.S. Pat. No. 7,980,443

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/235,782, entitled MOTOR-DRIVENSURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,210,411;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/249,117, entitled POWERED SURGICALCUTTING AND STAPLING APPARATUS WITH MANUALLY RETRACTABLE FIRING SYSTEM,now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0089970;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/647,100, entitled MOTOR-DRIVENSURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT WITH ELECTRIC ACTUATOR DIRECTIONAL CONTROLASSEMBLY, filed Dec. 24, 2009;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/893,461, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE,filed Sep. 29, 2012, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2012/0074198;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/036,647, entitled SURGICAL STAPLINGINSTRUMENT, filed Feb. 28, 2011, now U.S. Patent Application PublicationNo. 2011/0226837;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitled SURGICAL STAPLINGINSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0298719;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/524,049, entitled ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE, filed on Jun. 15, 2012;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,025, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGETISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,067, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGETISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013;

U.S. Patent Application Pub. No. 2007/0175955, entitled SURGICAL CUTTINGAND FASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH CLOSURE TRIGGER LOCKING MECHANISM, filedJan. 31, 2006; and

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0264194, entitled SURGICALSTAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH AN ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR, filed Apr. 22,2010, are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

In accordance with various embodiments, the surgical instrumentsdescribed herein may comprise one or more processors (e.g.,microprocessor, microcontroller) coupled to various sensors. Inaddition, to the processor(s), a storage (having operating logic) andcommunication interface, are coupled to each other.

As described earlier, the sensors may be configured to detect andcollect data associated with the surgical device. The processorprocesses the sensor data received from the sensor(s).

The processor may be configured to execute the operating logic. Theprocessor may be any one of a number of single or multi-core processorsknown in the art. The storage may comprise volatile and non-volatilestorage media configured to store persistent and temporal (working) copyof the operating logic.

In various embodiments, the operating logic may be configured to processthe collected biometric associated with motion data of the user, asdescribed above. In various embodiments, the operating logic may beconfigured to perform the initial processing, and transmit the data tothe computer hosting the application to determine and generateinstructions. For these embodiments, the operating logic may be furtherconfigured to receive information from and provide feedback to a hostingcomputer. In alternate embodiments, the operating logic may beconfigured to assume a larger role in receiving information anddetermining the feedback. In either case, whether determined on its ownor responsive to instructions from a hosting computer, the operatinglogic may be further configured to control and provide feedback to theuser.

In various embodiments, the operating logic may be implemented ininstructions supported by the instruction set architecture (ISA) of theprocessor, or in higher level languages and compiled into the supportedISA. The operating logic may comprise one or more logic units ormodules. The operating logic may be implemented in an object orientedmanner. The operating logic may be configured to be executed in amulti-tasking and/or multi-thread manner. In other embodiments, theoperating logic may be implemented in hardware such as a gate array.

In various embodiments, the communication interface may be configured tofacilitate communication between a peripheral device and the computingsystem. The communication may include transmission of the collectedbiometric data associated with position, posture, and/or movement dataof the user's body part(s) to a hosting computer, and transmission ofdata associated with the tactile feedback from the host computer to theperipheral device. In various embodiments, the communication interfacemay be a wired or a wireless communication interface. An example of awired communication interface may include, but is not limited to, aUniversal Serial Bus (USB) interface. An example of a wirelesscommunication interface may include, but is not limited to, a Bluetoothinterface.

For various embodiments, the processor may be packaged together with theoperating logic. In various embodiments, the processor may be packagedtogether with the operating logic to form a System in Package (SiP). Invarious embodiments, the processor may be integrated on the same diewith the operating logic. In various embodiments, the processor may bepackaged together with the operating logic to form a System on Chip(SoC).

Various embodiments may be described herein in the general context ofcomputer executable instructions, such as software, program modules,and/or engines being executed by a processor. Generally, software,program modules, and/or engines include any software element arranged toperform particular operations or implement particular abstract datatypes. Software, program modules, and/or engines can include routines,programs, objects, components, data structures and the like that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Animplementation of the software, program modules, and/or enginescomponents and techniques may be stored on and/or transmitted acrosssome form of computer-readable media. In this regard, computer-readablemedia can be any available medium or media useable to store informationand accessible by a computing device. Some embodiments also may bepracticed in distributed computing environments where operations areperformed by one or more remote processing devices that are linkedthrough a communications network. In a distributed computingenvironment, software, program modules, and/or engines may be located inboth local and remote computer storage media including memory storagedevices. A memory such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamicstorage device may be employed for storing information and instructionsto be executed by the processor. The memory also may be used for storingtemporary variables or other intermediate information during executionof instructions to be executed by the processor.

Although some embodiments may be illustrated and described as comprisingfunctional components, software, engines, and/or modules performingvarious operations, it can be appreciated that such components ormodules may be implemented by one or more hardware components, softwarecomponents, and/or combination thereof. The functional components,software, engines, and/or modules may be implemented, for example, bylogic (e.g., instructions, data, and/or code) to be executed by a logicdevice (e.g., processor). Such logic may be stored internally orexternally to a logic device on one or more types of computer-readablestorage media. In other embodiments, the functional components such assoftware, engines, and/or modules may be implemented by hardwareelements that may include processors, microprocessors, circuits, circuitelements (e.g., transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and soforth), integrated circuits, application specific integrated circuits(ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLD), digital signal processors(DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), logic gates, registers,semiconductor device, chips, microchips, chip sets, and so forth.

Examples of software, engines, and/or modules may include softwarecomponents, programs, applications, computer programs, applicationprograms, system programs, machine programs, operating system software,middleware, firmware, software modules, routines, subroutines,functions, methods, procedures, software interfaces, application programinterfaces (API), instruction sets, computing code, computer code, codesegments, computer code segments, words, values, symbols, or anycombination thereof. Determining whether an embodiment is implementedusing hardware elements and/or software elements may vary in accordancewith any number of factors, such as desired computational rate, powerlevels, heat tolerances, processing cycle budget, input data rates,output data rates, memory resources, data bus speeds and other design orperformance constraints.

One or more of the modules described herein may comprise one or moreembedded applications implemented as firmware, software, hardware, orany combination thereof. One or more of the modules described herein maycomprise various executable modules such as software, programs, data,drivers, application program interfaces (APIs), and so forth. Thefirmware may be stored in a memory of the processor 3008 which maycomprise a nonvolatile memory (NVM), such as in bit-masked read-onlymemory (ROM) or flash memory. In various implementations, storing thefirmware in ROM may preserve flash memory. The nonvolatile memory (NVM)may comprise other types of memory including, for example, programmableROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasableprogrammable ROM (EEPROM), or battery backed random-access memory (RAM)such as dynamic RAM (DRAM), Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDRAM), and/orsynchronous DRAM (SDRAM).

In some cases, various embodiments may be implemented as an article ofmanufacture. The article of manufacture may include a computer readablestorage medium arranged to store logic, instructions and/or data forperforming various operations of one or more embodiments. In variousembodiments, for example, the article of manufacture may comprise amagnetic disk, optical disk, flash memory or firmware containingcomputer program instructions suitable for execution by a generalpurpose processor or application specific processor. The embodiments,however, are not limited in this context.

The functions of the various functional elements, logical blocks,modules, and circuits elements described in connection with theembodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in the general contextof computer executable instructions, such as software, control modules,logic, and/or logic modules executed by the processing unit. Generally,software, control modules, logic, and/or logic modules comprise anysoftware element arranged to perform particular operations. Software,control modules, logic, and/or logic modules can comprise routines,programs, objects, components, data structures and the like that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Animplementation of the software, control modules, logic, and/or logicmodules and techniques may be stored on and/or transmitted across someform of computer-readable media. In this regard, computer-readable mediacan be any available medium or media useable to store information andaccessible by a computing device. Some embodiments also may be practicedin distributed computing environments where operations are performed byone or more remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network. In a distributed computing environment,software, control modules, logic, and/or logic modules may be located inboth local and remote computer storage media including memory storagedevices.

Additionally, it is to be appreciated that the embodiments describedherein illustrate example implementations, and that the functionalelements, logical blocks, modules, and circuits elements may beimplemented in various other ways which are consistent with thedescribed embodiments. Furthermore, the operations performed by suchfunctional elements, logical blocks, modules, and circuits elements maybe combined and/or separated for a given implementation and may beperformed by a greater number or fewer number of components or modules.As will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading thepresent disclosure, each of the individual embodiments described andillustrated herein has discrete components and features which may bereadily separated from or combined with the features of any of the otherseveral aspects without departing from the scope of the presentdisclosure. Any recited method can be carried out in the order of eventsrecited or in any other order which is logically possible.

It is worthy to note that any reference to “one embodiment” or “anembodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is comprisedin at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrase “in oneembodiment” or “in one aspect” in the specification are not necessarilyall referring to the same embodiment.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, it may be appreciated that termssuch as “processing,” “computing,” “calculating,” “determining,” or thelike, refer to the action and/or processes of a computer or computingsystem, or similar electronic computing device, such as a generalpurpose processor, a DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device,discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or anycombination thereof designed to perform the functions described hereinthat manipulates and/or transforms data represented as physicalquantities (e.g., electronic) within registers and/or memories intoother data similarly represented as physical quantities within thememories, registers or other such information storage, transmission ordisplay devices.

It is worthy to note that some embodiments may be described using theexpression “coupled” and “connected” along with their derivatives. Theseterms are not intended as synonyms for each other. For example, someembodiments may be described using the terms “connected” and/or“coupled” to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physicalor electrical contact with each other. The term “coupled,” however, alsomay mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with eachother, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other. Withrespect to software elements, for example, the term “coupled” may referto interfaces, message interfaces, application program interface (API),exchanging messages, and so forth.

It should be appreciated that any patent, publication, or otherdisclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to beincorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to theextent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existingdefinitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in thisdisclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure asexplicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting materialincorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, thatis said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts withexisting definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forthherein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arisesbetween that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.

The disclosed embodiments have application in conventional endoscopicand open surgical instrumentation as well as application inrobotic-assisted surgery.

Embodiments of the devices disclosed herein can be designed to bedisposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be usedmultiple times. Embodiments may, in either or both cases, bereconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning mayinclude any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device,followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and subsequentreassembly. In particular, embodiments of the device may bedisassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of thedevice may be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. Uponcleaning and/or replacement of particular parts, embodiments of thedevice may be reassembled for subsequent use either at a reconditioningfacility, or by a surgical team immediately prior to a surgicalprocedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that reconditioningof a device may utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly,cleaning/replacement, and reassembly. Use of such techniques, and theresulting reconditioned device, are all within the scope of the presentapplication.

By way of example only, embodiments described herein may be processedbefore surgery. First, a new or used instrument may be obtained and whennecessary cleaned. The instrument may then be sterilized. In onesterilization technique, the instrument is placed in a closed and sealedcontainer, such as a plastic or TYVEK bag. The container and instrumentmay then be placed in a field of radiation that can penetrate thecontainer, such as gamma radiation, x-rays, or high-energy electrons.The radiation may kill bacteria on the instrument and in the container.The sterilized instrument may then be stored in the sterile container.The sealed container may keep the instrument sterile until it is openedin a medical facility. A device may also be sterilized using any othertechnique known in the art, including but not limited to beta or gammaradiation, ethylene oxide, or steam.

One skilled in the art will recognize that the herein describedcomponents (e.g., operations), devices, objects, and the discussionaccompanying them are used as examples for the sake of conceptualclarity and that various configuration modifications are contemplated.Consequently, as used herein, the specific exemplars set forth and theaccompanying discussion are intended to be representative of their moregeneral classes. In general, use of any specific exemplar is intended tobe representative of its class, and the non-inclusion of specificcomponents (e.g., operations), devices, and objects should not be takenlimiting.

With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singularterms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from theplural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as isappropriate to the context and/or application. The varioussingular/plural permutations are not expressly set forth herein for sakeof clarity.

The herein described subject matter sometimes illustrates differentcomponents contained within, or connected with, different othercomponents. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures aremerely examples and that in fact many other architectures may beimplemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense,any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality iseffectively “associated” such that the desired functionality isachieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve aparticular functionality can be seen as “associated with” each othersuch that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective ofarchitectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components soassociated can also be viewed as being “operably connected,” or“operably coupled,” to each other to achieve the desired functionality,and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewedas being “operably couplable,” to each other to achieve the desiredfunctionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but arenot limited to physically mateable and/or physically interactingcomponents, and/or wirelessly interactable, and/or wirelesslyinteracting components, and/or logically interacting, and/or logicallyinteractable components.

Some aspects may be described using the expression “coupled” and“connected” along with their derivatives. It should be understood thatthese terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. For example,some aspects may be described using the term “connected” to indicatethat two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contactwith each other. In another example, some aspects may be described usingthe term “coupled” to indicate that two or more elements are in directphysical or electrical contact. The term “coupled,” however, also maymean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with eachother, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.

In some instances, one or more components may be referred to herein as“configured to,” “configurable to,” “operable/operative to,”“adapted/adaptable,” “able to,” “conformable/conformed to,” etc. Thoseskilled in the art will recognize that “configured to” can generallyencompass active-state components and/or inactive-state componentsand/or standby-state components, unless context requires otherwise.

While particular aspects of the present subject matter described hereinhave been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled inthe art that, based upon the teachings herein, changes and modificationsmay be made without departing from the subject matter described hereinand its broader aspects and, therefore, the appended claims are toencompass within their scope all such changes and modifications as arewithin the true scope of the subject matter described herein. It will beunderstood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein,and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appendedclaims) are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term“including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” theterm “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term“includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,”etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that when aspecific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such anintent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence ofsuch recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid tounderstanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of theintroductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claimrecitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed toimply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinitearticles “a” or “an” limits any particular claim containing suchintroduced claim recitation to claims containing only one suchrecitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases“one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or“an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” should typically be interpreted to mean “atleast one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use ofdefinite articles used to introduce claim recitations.

In addition, even when a specific number of an introduced claimrecitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art willrecognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to meanat least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of “tworecitations,” without other modifiers, typically means at least tworecitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in thoseinstances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C,etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the senseone having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not belimited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and Btogether, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and Ctogether, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to “atleast one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a constructionis intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understandthe convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” wouldinclude but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, Calone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A,B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those withinthe art that typically a disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting twoor more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, ordrawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities ofincluding one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms unlesscontext dictates otherwise. For example, the phrase “A or B” will betypically understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “Aand B.”

With respect to the appended claims, those skilled in the art willappreciate that recited operations therein may generally be performed inany order. Also, although various operational flows are presented in asequence(s), it should be understood that the various operations may beperformed in other orders than those which are illustrated, or may beperformed concurrently. Examples of such alternate orderings may includeoverlapping, interleaved, interrupted, reordered, incremental,preparatory, supplemental, simultaneous, reverse, or other variantorderings, unless context dictates otherwise. Furthermore, terms like“responsive to,” “related to,” or other past-tense adjectives aregenerally not intended to exclude such variants, unless context dictatesotherwise.

In summary, numerous benefits have been described which result fromemploying the concepts described herein. The foregoing description ofthe one or more embodiments has been presented for purposes ofillustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive orlimiting to the precise form disclosed. Modifications or variations arepossible in light of the above teachings. The one or more embodimentswere chosen and described in order to illustrate principles andpractical application to thereby enable one of ordinary skill in the artto utilize the various embodiments and with various modifications as aresuited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that theclaims submitted herewith define the overall scope.

1-32. (canceled)
 33. A surgical instrument comprising: a shaft; an endeffector extending distally from the shaft; a display; a processorcoupled to the display; a feedback system coupled to the processor, thefeedback system configured to provide feedback as to a status of thesurgical instrument; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memorystoring program instructions that, when executed by the processor, causethe processor to: cause the display to display a subsequent step of useof the surgical instrument according to the status of the surgicalinstrument; and transition the display between a low-power mode and ahigh-power mode according to the status of the surgical instrument. 34.The surgical instrument of claim 33, wherein the subsequent stepcomprises a next step of operation of the surgical instrument.
 35. Thesurgical instrument of claim 33, wherein the subsequent step comprises anext step of assembly or disassembly of the surgical instrument.
 36. Thesurgical instrument of claim 33, wherein the feedback system comprisesan accelerometer configured to detect movement of the surgicalinstrument, wherein the program instructions, when executed by theprocessor, further cause the processor to cause the display totransition to the low-power mode according to a lack of detection ofmovement after a predetermined period of time by the accelerometer. 37.The surgical instrument of claim 33, wherein the feedback systemcomprises an accelerometer configured to detect movement of the surgicalinstrument, wherein the program instructions, when executed by theprocessor, cause the processor to cause the display to transition to thehigh-power mode according to a detection of movement by theaccelerometer.
 38. The surgical instrument of claim 33, wherein thefeedback system is configured to detect user contact with the surgicalinstrument, and wherein the program instructions, when executed by theprocessor, cause the processor to cause the display to transition to thelow-power mode upon the surgical instrument detecting user contact. 39.A surgical instrument comprising: an end effector; a first modularcomponent releasably connected to a second modular component; a display;a processor coupled to the display; an engagement sensor configured todetect a degree of attachment between the first modular component andthe second modular component, the engagement sensor operably connectedto the processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memorystoring program instructions that, when executed by the processor, causethe surgical instrument to: cause the display to display instructionscorresponding to the degree of attachment; determine whether thesurgical instrument has exceeded a predetermined period of inactivity;and cause the display to transition to a lower power mode following thepredetermined period of inactivity.
 40. The surgical instrument of claim39, wherein the first modular component comprises a handle and thesecond modular component comprises a shaft, the end effector extendingdistally from the shaft.
 41. The surgical instrument of claim 39,wherein the engagement sensor comprises an electrical contact disposedat an attachment portion between the first modular component and thesecond modular component.
 42. The surgical instrument of claim 39,further comprising an accelerometer operably connected to the processor,and wherein the accelerometer is configured to generate an inputaccording to whether movement is detected.
 43. The surgical instrumentof claim 42, wherein the accelerometer is configured to detect movementin a plurality of directions, and wherein the accelerometer isconfigured to generate the input according to whether movement isdetected in at least two of the plurality of directions.
 44. Thesurgical instrument of claim 42, wherein the accelerometer is configuredto detect movement in a plurality of directions, and wherein theaccelerometer is configured to generate the input according to whethermovement above a predetermined threshold is detected.
 45. The surgicalinstrument of claim 39, wherein an input is generated by the surgicalinstrument according to whether user contact is detected.
 46. Thesurgical instrument of claim 39, wherein the degree of attachmentcomprises a disengaged position, a partially engaged position, and anengaged position.
 47. A surgical instrument comprising: a shaft; an endeffector extending distally from the shaft; a display; a processorcoupled to the display; a feedback system coupled to the processor, thefeedback system configured to provide feedback as to an operationalstatus of the surgical instrument; and a memory coupled to theprocessor, the memory storing program instructions that, when executedby the processor, cause the processor to: present instructions via thedisplay of a next step of operation corresponding to the operationalstatus of the surgical instrument; and transition the display between alow-power mode and a high-power mode according to an activity of thesurgical instrument.
 48. The surgical instrument of claim 47, furthercomprising an accelerometer configured to detect movement of thesurgical instrument, wherein the program instructions, when executed bythe processor, cause the processor to cause the display to transition tothe high-power mode according to a detection of movement by theaccelerometer.
 49. The surgical instrument of claim 47, furthercomprising an accelerometer configured to detect movement of thesurgical instrument, wherein the program instructions, when executed bythe processor, cause the processor to cause the display to transition tothe low-power mode according to a lack of detection of movement by theaccelerometer over a predetermined period of time.
 50. The surgicalinstrument of claim 47, wherein the feedback system is configured tomonitor a configuration of the end effector.
 51. The surgical instrumentof claim 47, the instructions of the next step of operationcorresponding to the operational status of the surgical instrument aredisplayed in a defined order.
 52. The surgical instrument of claim 47,wherein the next step of operation comprises an articulation step, aclosure step, a firing step, a firing reset step, a closure reset step,an articulation reset step, and combinations thereof.